【作者】 林婷；

【导师】 林丽玲；

【作者基本信息】 福建师范大学 ， 英语笔译（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 众所周知,词汇是语言的基本要求,每个民族所使用的词汇都有丰富的文化色彩,因而,了解文化负载词是了解民族文化的有效方式。莫言的小说《蛙》是一部杰出的作品,其中含有大量的文化负载词,这些词汇与英语文化国家的表达有所不同,因此探析这些文化负载词的翻译显得尤为必要。本论文以文化翻译观为理论基础,以小说中的文化负载词作为主要语料,通过阅读大量文献,以及案例分析法和归纳总结的研究方法,旨在探析葛浩文对《蛙》中文化负载词英译方法,有助于译者准确地翻译文化负载词,并且对如何有效地通过翻译传播中国文化提供参考。笔者将小说《蛙》中文化负载词分为文化重合、文化冲突、文化空缺三大类,再对每类文化负载词进行细分,结合具体实例分析,最后大致进行了统计,旨在研究《蛙》中文化负载词的英译方式。巴斯奈特的文化翻译观强调译者在翻译过程中应该努力实现源语和目的语在文化功能上的对等,该理论引导着译者对民族文化特征的词汇做恰当的处理。笔者认为,影响葛浩文英译的因素包括:不同民族的语言和文化,译者自身的素质以及读者的期待。分析研究发现:1)对于小说文化负载词的翻译,译者选择以意译法为主,其次是直译法和替代法,最后是音译法和增减译法,对一些难以理解的词汇,译者选择将两种英译方法结合,如此做的目的是用读者熟悉的语言表达方式使译语文化读者产生与原语文化读者相同的效果。2)对三种不同类型的文化负载词,译者灵活地采用多样化的翻译方式。同时对于每种类型的词汇,译者采用的译法也有所侧重,例如翻译文化重合的词汇,译者时常选择直译法,以保留汉语文化特色词汇。3)笔者发现小说中有几处误译的文化负载词,因此翻译时,要以文化为翻译单位,从而准确的传译出原文的文化内涵。本文具有一定的理论意义和实践价值,对研究文化翻译观和文化负载词翻译有参考意义,也对跨文化交际做出了一定的贡献。尽管笔者发现个别文化负载词的翻译策略有值得商榷之处,但葛浩文的英译策略依然对国内译者有借鉴作用,也有助于中国文化在外国的传播。更多还原

【Abstract】 It is well-known that words are essential elements for language.As words of each nation carry with bountiful culture,to understand the culture-loaded words is an effective way to understand national culture.One of Mo Yan’s masterpieces-Frog involves plentiful Chinese culture-loaded words,which are distinguished from those of English culture.Thus,it is essential to explore such words with distinctive cultural specifics.Based on cultural translation theory,and by referring to several documents,this thesis uses examples of culture-loaded words from the novel-Frog,intending to analyse and explore Goldblatt’s translating methods of culture-loaded words and helping other translators properly deal with culture-loaded words so as to disseminate Chinese culture in an effective way.The author divides all the culture-loaded words into three categories as culture-overlapped words,culture-conflicting words and culture-gapped words.Then,with further classifying each category of culture-loaded words,the author analyses their translating methods through detailed cases and makes a rough statistics,with a view to finding out how the translator deals with culture-loaded words in the novel Frog.Susan Bassnet’s cultural translation theory assigns importance to achieving equivalence in culture and function between the source language and target language,which guides the translator to properly render the words with cultural characteristic from one language to another.Factors that influence Howard Goldblatt’s work referred in the thesis include different languages and cultures between two nations,the author’s ability and the readers’ expectation for this work.The findings are as follows:1)The methods the translator uses in translation are diverse:The way most frequently used is free translation,the runner-up are literal translation and substitution,and the others are omission and amplification as well as transliteration for some Chinese specific words.Besides,the translator chooses combined methods to deal with some difficult words.Such strategies he adopts aim to make the readers in the target culture have the same feelings as those in the source culture.2)The translator employs various means to dispose of these three kinds of culture-loaded words,namely the culture-overlapped words,culture-conflicting words and culture-gapped words.At the same time.,the translator emphasizes particular means towards the translating of each category of them.For example,the translator uses literal translation to render the culture-overlapped words.3)Some mistranslations appear in the English version,which tells us that in doing translation,we should view culture as a translation unit with a view to interpreting cultural connotation behind the source language.The thesis is significant both in theory and in practice,which helps to explore cultural translation theory and the translation of culture-loaded words,and also makes certain contribution to transcultural communication.Despite some errors in Howard Goldblatt’s work,his translation methods are still useful for domestic translators and crucial to disseminate Chinese culture.更多还原