【作者】 梁爽；

【导师】 王士祥；

【作者基本信息】 郑州大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 唐代科举考试主要有明经科、进士科等常科及制举科目,策作为唐代科举考试极具代表性的考试文体,在各科考试中均占有重要地位。由于唐朝统治者在政治上对儒家思想的推崇,使唐代试策与儒家经典紧密联系起来,二者的密切联系有助于提升唐代试策品质、推动唐代儒学建设。全文分为绪论及五章正文两部分,绪论通过对唐代试策选题研究现状进行梳理,发现唐代试策文学的研究成果多集中于唐代试策的考试制度与形式体制等方面,关于儒经背景下的唐代试策研究这一问题尚有值得深入研究的空间。第一章通过对唐代统治者的政治举措进行整理归纳,可知唐代统治者对于儒家文化的重视与推崇主要体现为在祭祀活动中推崇儒家代表人物、完善儒家经典、以儒家经典作为唐代科举考察内容以及以儒家经典作为教育内容四方面。第二章以现存权德舆所作明经科策问为研究对象进行分析,得出在春秋学派思想的影响下权德舆所作明经科策问与儒家经典二者关系表现出舍传求经、大胆质疑的特点的结论,以及为改善明经科考试重记忆、轻义理的情况,明经科策问对儒家经典的考察呈现出关注义理的特点。第三章通过对进士科试策中与儒家经典联系较为密切、典型的进士科试策作品为例进行整理研究,了解到进士科试策在肯定儒家经典的政治教化功能的前提下对儒家经典持理性推崇的态度,此外进士科策问考察儒家经典多偏向于儒家经典中的互异之处。第四章通过对唐代制科试策研究分析,认为由于制举科考试本身与现实联系较为密切,因此制举科试策多以儒家经典联系实际并借儒家经典对现实问题发表意见,考生也多在对策中引用儒家经典以加强论证自身观点。第五章通过对儒家经典与唐代试策之间的相互影响进行论述,得出唐代试策多以引用儒家经典的方式提升唐代试策的典重化、学术化以及现实意义,唐代试策对于儒家经典的重视与推崇推动了儒学的发展与传播、有助于进一步发挥其指导现实功用。更多还原

【Abstract】 The imperial examination of Tang dynasty mainly consists of subjects such as Mingjing,Jinshi,which are common subjects,and zhiju.The Scheme examination is the representative examination style of the Tang dynasty Imperial Examination,occupying an important position among the three subjects.Due to the admiration and emphasis on Confucianism politically by the rulers of the Tang dynasty,the scheme examination of Tang dynasty was closely related to the Confucian classics.The close relationship between the two helped to improve the quality of the Tang dynasty scheme examination and promote the study of the Confucian classic.This paper is divided into two parts: the introduction followed by five chapters.The introduction presents the research status and the significance of the topic selection.By reviewing the research status of the topics selection of the Scheme examination in Tang dynasty,it is found that the research results of the Tang dynasty’s literature on Scheme exam mostly focus on the examination system and formal system,While further researches can focus on the relationship between the Scheme exam of the Tang dynasty and the Confucian classics.The first chapter summarizes the political measures the rulers of the Tang dynasty.It can be seen that the emphasis and respect of the rulers of the Tang dynasty on Confucian culture is mainly reflected in four aspects containing the promotion of Confucian representatives,the perfection of Confucian classics,taking Confucian Classics as the examination of Imperial Examinations and using Confucian classics as education content.The second chapter analyzes the exisiting Cewen of Mingjing subject by Quan Deyu.Under the influence of the Spring and Autumn School ideology,the relationship between the Cewen of Mingjing subject made by Quan and the Confucian classics shows the characteristics of paying attention to Confucian classics but commentaries on classics and raising doubts.In order to improve the situation that the examination of Mingjing subject emphasizing more on memorizing rather than implications,the Cewen of Mingjing subject concerns more on implications of the Confucian classics.The third chapter researches the typical works of the scheme examination of Jinshi subject,which relates closely to the Confucian classics,showing that the scheme examination of Jinshi subject holds reasonable admiration of the Confucian classics,under the premise of affirming its political enlightenment function.Moreover,it tends to exam the differences among the Confucian classics.The fourth chapter analyzes the scheme examination of Zhiju subject.Acknowledging that the Zhiju subject is closely related to reality,so the scheme examination of Zhiju subject mostly connects the Confucian classics with reality and expresses opinions.Candidates also quoted the Confucian classics in their answers to strengthen their arguments.The fifth chapter mainly discusses the mutual influence between Confucian classics and the scheme examination in Tang dynasty.The scheme examination used the method of citing Confucian classics to enhance the proportion of Confucian classics,academicization and practical significance.The emphasis and admiration of the Confucian classics in the Tang dynasty promoted the development and spread of Confucianism and contributed to further development,helping further revealing its role to guild the reality.更多还原