【作者】 张伟；

【导师】 徐纪华； 莫珑；

【作者基本信息】 山东师范大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 从2017年秋季开始,小学科学课程的起始年级调整为一年级。面对低龄化的学生,如何让学生有效地掌握科学概念,成为科学教师所要解决的难题。建构主义认为学生在学习之前具备前概念,前概念包括科学概念和迷思概念。消除迷思概念,建立科学概念,成为有效教学的关键。概念卡通突出新课标要求的学生主体地位,引导学生思考,有助于学生消除迷思概念,建立科学概念。本论文主要研究了概念卡通在小学科学教学中的运用,并对概念卡通在科学教学中的运用效果进行了数据分析,主要从四个部分进行研究:第一部分整理和分析了概念卡通的国内外文献,总结了概念卡通的定义、特点和研究现状,为概念卡通在科学教学中的运用提供了理论基础。第二部分以青岛版科学教材六年级下册《人的一生》单元为基础,通过访谈、概念图和作业收集并整理了学生的迷思概念,进而总结成了迷思概念汇总表。根据制作概念卡通的原则和迷思概念汇总表,制作概念卡通。第三部分首先参考科学课程教学法三要素:探究、建构主义和形成性评价,对概念卡通的教学步骤进行构建。根据制作的概念卡通、注意事项和教学步骤,对《人的一生》单元中的《我从哪里来》、《人的一生》和《我像谁》三节课进行了教学设计。最后随机选取部分学生进行运用概念卡通的教学,其余学生进行普通教学,教学完成后对概念卡通的教学效果进行了数据分析,验证了概念卡通在小学科学教学中运用的科学性和有效性。第四部分主要对研究进行总结、反思和展望。本论文通过理论基础的搭建、概念卡通的教学设计、概念卡通的教学实践和教学效果的分析四个步骤,验证了概念卡通在小学科学教学中运用的良好效果,说明概念卡通在小学科学教学中的运用具备广阔前景。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the fall of 2017,initial grade of elementary science curriculum is adjusted to first grade.In face of younger students,how to make students master scientific concept effectively becomes a difficult problem for science teachers.Constructivism believes that students have pre-concepts before learning.Pre-concepts include scientific concepts and misconceptions.Eliminating misconceptions,and establishing scientific concepts,are keys of effective teaching.Concept cartoons highlights subjective status of students which are required in new curriculum standards,guiding students to think,helping students to eliminate misconceptions and establish scientific concepts.This paper mainly studied application of concept cartoons in primary science teaching,and carried out data analysis on effect of concept cartoons in science teaching.This paper mainly to study following four parts: The first part sorted out and analyzed domestic and foreign literatures of concept cartoons,summarized definition,characteristic and research status about concept cartoons,and provided a theoretical basis for application of concept cartoons in science teaching.The second part based on textbook of grade six,through interviews,concept maps and assignments,misconceptions of primary school students was collected.According to principles of making concept cartoons and list of misconceptions,concept cartoons was made.The third part according to three elements of science teaching: exploration,constructivism and formative evaluation,constructed teaching steps of concept cartoons.According to concept cartoons,matters need attention and teaching steps,teaching design was finished for textbook of grade six.Finally,randomly selected part of students conducted concept cartoons teaching,others conducted ordinary teaching,and teaching effect of concept cartoons was analyzed to verify scientific and effectiveness of concept cartoons in primary science teaching.The fourth part mainly carried on summary,reflection and prospect to research.This paper verified good effect of concept cartoons through four steps of establishing theoretical basis,teaching design of concept cartoons,teaching practice of concept cartoons and analysis of teaching effect,and illustrated that application of concept cartoons in primary science teaching has broad prospects.更多还原