【作者】 赵燕；

【导师】 王佃利；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 行政管理， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 在建构“共建共治共享”的社会治理格局中,必须充分联系、引导社会公众参与社会治理,这种格局的实现与地方政府回应紧密相关。政府回应是政府与社会之间的桥梁,一方面向公众方输送公共政策,另一方面接收公众诉求并做出答复,这个过程是建构共建共治共享的社会治理格局的基础。要想转变治理方式就必须先将政府在公共事务中的应对方式从单向传输向回应公众合理诉求转变,在“社会有需求,政府有回应”的国家与社会互动中推动治理发展。但是聚焦邻避领域,可以看到,近年来我国邻避事件频发,公众“散步”频繁上演,“一建就闹”和“一闹就停”持续拉锯。邻避情境需要地方政府的回应,也同时是地方政府回应能力的考验场。作为国家治理的重要主体,地方政府有责任通过回应行为及过程及时获取公众的利益诉求,积极、妥善作出应对,来化解邻避冲突。因而对邻避情境下的政府回应行为进行研究具有重要意义。本文致力于通过案例梳理,回答下列几个问题:第一,随着邻避冲突的演进,地方政府的回应现状是怎样的,呈现出什么特征?第二,为什么会呈现出这样的特征?第三,如何增强地方政府的邻避回应?为了回答这几个问题,本文共分为三个部分进行论述:第一部分(本文的第一章和第二章),通过对当前的邻避回应相关研究成果的梳理,把握现有研究的不足之处、寻找本研究的切入点。在此基础之上,明晰政府回应的概念内涵,确定以回应过程和回应方式为子概念的“政府回应”研究框架,以及包括回应主动性、及时性、公开性、政策工具使用情况四个方面的政府回应评价要素,以为后文对政府回应全貌的研究积累基础。第二部分(本文第三章和第四章),基于邻避演进的过程进行案例梳理,在第二章政府回应框架的基础上进一步细化案例信息。通过结合冲突的演进过程来对政府回应进行归纳、分析,以期展现邻避情境下的政府回应全貌特征。并立足于邻避情境的特殊性,对地方政府在邻避冲突中的回应行为进行解释分析。本文发现,邻避情境下的地方政府回应在过程上呈现出了从实质性回应缺失、有限回应到应激性回应、再回应的阶段性特征,在方式上表现为沟通的宣传灌输性、管制的进阶强制性以及回应策略的单面性。而这些特点的背后,是地方政府追求政绩、规避问责,追求管理的高效率、低成本等动机的异时支配,并受到政府自身能力有限的制约。第三部分(本文第五章),在前文对地方政府回应行为解释分析的基础上提出了当前我国政府回应的优化路径探讨。要改变目前地方政府的回应行为,实现政府的高回应性,必须要从其背后的行动逻辑出发,第一,更新回应理念,建构回应型政府理念以及新型邻避认知观念;第二,完善回应方式,建立政府回应制度,更新邻避补偿方案;第三,增强能力建设,包括政府能力建设与公民文化建设。只有这样才能从根本上提高政府在邻避情境中的回应性,为地方政府和居民的互动扫清障,把矛盾消解在最初的时期。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the construction of the social governance pattern of "co-construction,co-governance and sharing",we must fully contact and guide the public to participate in social governance.The realization of this pattern is closely related to the response of local governments.Government response is a bridge between government and society.On the one hand,it conveys public policies to the public,on the other hand,it receives public appeals and responds.This process is the basis of building a social governance pattern of co-governance and sharing.If we want to change the way of governance,we must first change the government’s response in public affairs from one-way transmission to responding to the reasonable demands of the public,and promote the development of governance in the interaction between the state and society in which "the society needs and the government responds".However,focusing on the area of neighbourhood avoidance,we can see that in recent years,there have been frequent incidents of neighbourhood avoidance in our country,and public"walking" has been frequently staged,"making a noise as soon as it is built" and"stopping as soon as it is noisy" continue to pull saw.Neighborhood circumstance needs the local government’s response,and it is also the test ground of the local government’s response ability.As an important subject of national governance,local governments are responsible for resolving conflicts between neighbours and avoiding them by responding to actions and processes to obtain the public’s interests and demands in a timely manner and making positive and appropriate responses.Therefore,it is of great significance to study government response in the context of neighbourhood avoidance.This paper aims to answer the following questions through case study:First,with the evolution of neighborhood avoidance,what is the response process of local governments and what characteristics do they present?Secondly,why does it show such characteristics?In order to answer these questions,this paper is di,vided into three parts to analyze:The first part(the first and second chapters of this paper),through combing the existing research results of neighbourhood avoidance governance,finds out the shortcomings of the current research and the analysis of the starting point of this paper.On this basis,it clarifies the concept of government response,defines the research framework of "government response" based on the sub-concepts of response process and response mode,and four evaluation elements of government response,including response initiative,timeliness,openness and the use of policy tools,so as to accumulate the basis for the future research on the overall government response.The second part(Chapter 3 and Chapter 4)combs the cases based on the evolution of neighbourhood avoidance,and further refines the case information on the basis of Chapter 2 Government Response Framework.By combining the evolution process of conflict,this paper summarizes and analyses the government response in order to show the overall characteristics of the government response under the circumstance of neighbourhood avoidance.Based on the particularity of the circumstance of neighbourhood avoidance,this paper explains and analyses the response of local governments in the conflict of neighbourhood avoidance.This paper finds that the local government response under the circumstance of neighbourhood avoidance presents the phased characteristics from lack of substantive response,limited response to stress response and re-response.In the way,it shows the propaganda indoctrination of communication,the progressive compulsion of regulation and the unilaterality of response strategy.Behind these characteristics,the local government pursues performance,evades accountability,pursues high efficiency and low cost of management,and is restricted by the limited capacity of the government itself.The third part(the fifth chapter of this paper),on the basis of the analysis of the explanation of the local government response behavior,puts forward the optimization path of the current government response.In order to change the current local government’s response behavior and realize the high responsiveness of the government,we must proceed from the action logic behind it.First,renew the response concept,construct the concept of responsive government and the new concept of neighbourhood avoidance;second,improve the response mode,establish the government response system and update the compensation scheme for neighbourhood avoidance;third,enhance capacity-building,including government capacity-building.And the construction of civic culture.Only in this way can we fundamentally improve the responsiveness of the government in the circumstance of neighbourhood avoidance,clear up barriers for the interaction between local governments and residents,and resolve contradictions in the initial period.更多还原