【作者】 刘玉梅；

【导师】 孙玉芝；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 法律硕士（非法学）（专业学位）， 2019， 硕士

【摘要】 《机动车交通事故责任强制保险条例》(以下简称交强险条例)针对交强险的第三者范围作出了规定,在一定程度上保护了在交通事故中受到损害的第三者。该条例规定第三者的范围是在交通事故中受到损害的除本车人员和被保险人以外的人,交强险第三者的范围直接决定了哪些人可以获得保险赔偿。由于交强险在我国是一个比较新的法律制度,实施时间较短,所以存在诸多不完善之处,其中交强险第三者范围认定问题就是其中之一。由于法律规定存在一定的模糊之处,对第三者的认定不明确,造成了在司法实践中同案不同判的现象,这就导致在交通事故发生后能得到保险赔偿的人范围不一,有失法律的严肃性。针对此问题,笔者从保险法和侵权责任法的角度,采用案例分析法、对比分析法等研究方法,以交强险第三者范围在理论界和司法实务中的分歧为切入点,在研究学界观点的基础之上,对比域外国家(地区)相关法律法规,通过对具体的案例进行分析,提出完善我国交强险第三者范围的意见和建议。本文写作意义在于,探讨在交通事故中哪些受害人能够得到交强险的赔付不仅能够弥补法律的漏洞,对于有效的推动我国司法实务有着重要的意义。通过有效地解决纠纷,让受害第三者获得法定的补偿是本文最重要的意义所在。在写作内容方面,本文分为四个部分:第一部分:探究交强险第三者基本理论,首先明确交强险第三者的定义和法律地位,再阐述我国相关法律关于交强险第三者范围的规定现状,根据法律现状,指出当前我国交强险第三者范围过于狭窄的问题,引出本车人员、驾驶人员和投保人能否作为交强险第三者的问题。第二部分:通过分析国内学者的意见,对比域外相关法律规定,结合具体案例分析本车人员能否作为交强险第三者,分析我国交强险将本车人员排除在第三者之外的原因及存在的不合理之处,得出因为种种原因脱离车身的本车人员应当作为交强险第三者的结论。第三部分:结合学界认定和域外国家(地区)关于驾驶人员是否属于交强险第三者的规定,探讨驾驶人员能否在一定情况下作为交强险第三者,对驾驶人员应否作为交强险第三者做出阐述,得出驾驶人员不应该作为交强险第三者的结论。第四部分:结合学界认定和域外国家(地区)关于投保人是否属于交强险第三者的规定,通过案例对比分析投保人能否作为交强险第三者,得出发生交通事故时不在被保险车上的投保人可以作为交强险第三者的结论。笔者同意扩大交强险第三者范围,但又不可盲目扩大,寻求在最大限度保障受害人权益的同时兼顾保险公司利益,力求在社会层面和个人利益层面达到一种平衡。更多还原

【Abstract】 Regulations on Compulsory Traffic Accidents for Motor Vehicle Traffic Accidents(hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations on Traffic Accidents"),which provides for the scope of third parties to pay for strong insurance,and to a certain extent protects third parties who have suffered damages in traffic accidents.· The regulations stipulate that the scope of a third party is other than the vehicle personnel and the insured in the event of a traffic accident.The scope of the third party who pays the strong insurance directly determines who can obtain insurance compensation.Because the cross-insurance insurance is a relatively new legal system in China,and the implementation time is short,there is a certain conflict between the theoretical understanding and judicial practice of the cross-insurance.The identification of the third party is one of the problems.Due to certain ambiguities in the legal provisions,the identification of third parties is not clear,resulting in different judgments in the judicial practice,which leads to a wide range of people who can get insurance compensation after a traffic accident.There is a seriousness of losing the law.In view of the problem,the author uses case analysis methods,comparative research methods and other research methods from the perspective of insurance law and tort liability law,taking the differences between the theoretical and judicial practice of the third party of the strong insurance as the entry point,through specific cases.Analyze and compare the regulations of other countries(regions)on the scope of third parties in the cross-border insurance,and put forward opinions on improving the scope of the third party in China’s cross-border insurance according to China’s actual national conditions.The significance of this paper is to explore which victims in traffic accidents can get the payment of strong insurance not only to make up for the loopholes in the law,but also to play an important role in promoting China’s judicial practice.By effectively resolving disputes,getting the victim’s third party to obtain statutory compensation is the most important point of this article.In terms of writing content,this article is divided into four parts:The first part:Exploring the basic theory of the third party of the cross-insurance insurance,firstly clarifying the definition and legal status of the third party in the cross-border insurance,and then expounding the status quo of the relevant laws on the scope of the third party in the cross-border insurance,according to the current situation of the law,pointing out the scope of the current third party in China The problem of being too narrow leads to the question of whether the vehicle personnel,drivers and policyholders can be the third party to pay the strong insurance.The second part:By analyzing the opinions of domestic scholars,comparing the relevant legal provisions outside the domain,and analyzing the specific case to analyze whether the vehicle personnel can be the third party of the traffic insurance,analyze the reasons and existence of the Chinese traffic insurance to exclude the vehicle personnel from the third party.The unreasonable point is that the vehicle personnel who have left the vehicle body for various reasons should be the third party to pay the strong insurance.The third part:Combining the specific case and the extraterritorial countries(regions)on whether the driver is a third party in the cross-border insurance,and whether the driver can be a third party in a certain situation,whether the driver should be a third party.Explain that it is concluded that the driver should not be a third party.The fourth part:through domestic and international comparison,combined with specific cases to analyze whether the insured can be the third party of the traffic insurance,and conclude that the insured who is not on the insured vehicle in the event of a traffic accident can be the third party to pay the strong insurance.The author agrees to expand the scope of the third party,but it must not be blindly expanded.It seeks to maximize the protection of the rights and interests of victims while taking into account the interests of insurance companies,and strives to achieve a balance between the social level and personal interests.更多还原