【作者】 徐宁；

【导师】 谭树彬；

【作者基本信息】 东北大学 ， 控制工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 压缩空气是工业上常用的能源介质,压缩空气系统由气源系统(空气压缩机、干燥机)、冷却循环水系统(水泵、风机)、储气罐、输气管道、用气设备等组成。压缩空气系统占据工业生产中总耗电量的10%～20%,在能源形势日益严峻的今天,压缩空气系统运行效率低下、能源浪费严重等问题也逐渐凸显。在此背景下,如何提高压缩空气系统设备运行效率,在保证生产安全的前提下实现供需平衡,避免能源浪费,已成为全世界研究的热点。本文以东风日产郑州工厂压缩空气系统节能改造项目为背景,一方面通过对工厂压缩空气管网建模以及对末端减压系统的优化实现各车间压缩空气供需平衡、压力降低且稳定;另一方面通过设计和构建一套自动控制系统,能够实时地根据系统的压力、流量等状态得出系统中空压机、冷干机、水泵、风机的最佳运行数量,实现对空压站设备的自动控制,减小管网压力波动范围,节省人力和能源消耗。采用模糊自整定PID控制方法对末端减压系统进行优化,建立管网模型,并在MATLAB中运用Simulink对末端减压系统进行仿真分析,验证其控制的可行性及优越性。实际工程中,采用西门子S7-300PLC对模糊PID控制进行编程实现。在空压站台数优化控制中,采用目标参数平衡、流量匹配、流量预测、机组轮换、优先权及优化调度等多种控制策略设计空压机、冷干机、水泵、风机的台数优化算法。采用基于ARMA模型的预测算法进行压缩空气总管流量预测,实现空压机的容量与需求匹配。开发设计台数优化控制系统软件,实现系统的人机交互,并通过软件运行结果分析台数优化控制系统能够使各设备平稳、有序、安全运行,减少设备无功运行,提高设备运行效率,减少设备故障率。同时,压缩空气总管压力、露点以及冷却循环水总管供水压力、温度波动减小,压缩空气用气量减少,节能效果良好。更多还原

【Abstract】 Compressed air is a common industrial energy medium,compressed air system consists of air source system(air compressor,dryer),circuit cooling water system(water pump,fan),air tank,air transmission pipeline,equipment using air and so on.Compressed air used in industrial production factory commonly takes up 10%～20%of the total energy cost.The energy situation today is getting more and more serious,the problem of low operating efficiency of compressed air system and serious energy waste is gradually highlighted.Under this background,it has become a hot research topic in the world that how to improve the operating efficiency of compressed air system equipment,avoid energy waste and balance demand and supply.This paper based on the energy saving renovation project of compressed air system in Dongfeng Nissan ZZ factory.On the one hand,it achieved the balance between the supply and demand of compressed air in each workshop,taked the pressure reduction and stability through building pipe net model and optimizing the terminal decompression system.On the other hand,it designed and builded a set of automatic control system.This system can control air compressor,dryer,water pump and fan automatically and obtain their optimum running number through real-time system pressure,flow,etc.Therefore,it can reduce pressure fluctuation range of pipe net and save labor and energy consumption.Optimize the terminal decompression system using the fuzzy self-tuning PID control.In order to validate its feasibility and superiority,this paper builded pipe net model,emulated and analysed the terminal decompression system using Simulink in MATLAB.In practical engineering,realize the fuzzy self-tuning PID method by programming in SIEMENS S7-300 PLC.In the optimal control system of the number of equipment in air compressor station,design optimization algorithm of air compressor,dryer,water pump and fan using multiple control strategies such as target parameter balance,flow matching,flow prediction,unit rotation,priority and optimal scheduling,etc.Forecasting compressed air consumption using prediction algorithm based on ARMA model to balance the capacity of air compressor and compressed air demand.Develope and design optimal control system software,realize the interaction of human-computer.By analyzing the software running result,it can be seen that the system can make the equipment run stably,orderly and safely,reduce reactive power operation,improve equipment operating efficiency,reduce equipment failure rate.In addition,the fluctuation range of compressed air main pipe pressure,dew point and cooling circulating water main pipe pressure,temperature is effectively reduced.Therefore,the energy saving effect is good.更多还原