【作者】 李颖；

【导师】 田丹；

【作者基本信息】 东北财经大学 ， 管理科学与工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着世界经济的迅猛发展以及环境不确定性的加大,企业消失的速度越来越快。在这个瞬息万变的时代背景下,企业暴露在风险和机遇并存的环境中,稍有不慎就容易陷入万劫不复的境地。为了抵御各种不确定性带来的冲击,企业需要定位于组织本身承担风险的能力,即发展弹性组织,以求在最快的时间内恢复原状或者比原来做得更好。使用弹性思想和方法不仅可以灵活应对高度复杂的环境,实现“零创伤”,对于提高企业绩效,保持可持续的竞争优势也有积极作用。通过对以往的文献回顾可以发现,动态环境下“效率”和“灵活性”这对矛盾一直是战略管理领域的研究热点,关于效率和灵活性如何均衡,有些研究认为是高(低)效率要和低(高)灵活性配合,尽管两者都很重要,但企业难以同时实现。本文通过引入组织弹性的概念,对企业动态重构资源进行研究。效率视角和灵活性视角从互补的角度探讨了弹性能力的构成,虽然它们之间的矛盾贯穿于组织管理研究领域,但通过二者视角的结合,从稳定性和适应性这两方面对企业弹性的构成和测量进行研究,不仅有助于均衡“效率-灵活性”这对二元关系,也能更全面深入地评价弹性。本文以上市公司为研究对象,上市公司本身是社会上的优质企业,而筛选出来的弹性企业能够代表优秀企业在弹性方面的重视程度,即使他们可能未从弹性理论的高度去认知,但是在实践中会在很多方面与弹性的标准不谋而合。首先从效率和灵活性两方面选取被广泛认可的指标,采用判别分析法提取出能够衡量企业弹性的代理变量。然后,基于逼近理想点法设置权重,构建了适用于我国企业弹性的评价模型。最后,对上市公司的弹性进行度量,给企业评价自身弹性提供参考。过去文献中主要通过人员访谈、问卷调查等方式获得的一手数据作为指标的数据来源,本文使用了微观数据,这对组织弹性的量化和评价研究进行了补充。研究结果表明,从长期来看,弹性企业通过平衡双元性来应对环境的复杂性和动态性,在效率和灵活性上表现双高。反过来看,企业提高效率有利于组织维持稳定性,适应环境的变化,提高灵活性有助于企业不断发展创新,因而能够增强企业的适应性,这也为企业发展自身弹性提供了一种方法。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of the world economy and the increase of environmental uncertainty,enterprises are disappearing faster.In this ever-changing era,companies are exposed to the environment where risks and opportunities coexist,and it is easy to fall into a state of ruin with a little carelessness.In order to withstand the impact of various uncertainties,companies need to position themselves in the ability of the organization to take risks,that is,to develop resilient organizations in order to restore the original state in the fastest time or to do better than the original.Using resilient ideas and methods can not only flexibly respond to highly complex environments,but also achieve "no trauma",which also has a positive effect on improving corporate performance and maintaining sustainable competitive advantage.Through reviewing the previous literature,we find that the contradiction between efficiency and flexibility in the dynamic environment has always been a research hotspot in the field of strategic management.Regarding how to balance efficiency and flexibility,some studies consider it to be high(low)efficiency is tied to low(high)flexibility,and while both are important,it is difficult for companies to achieve them at the same time.This paper studies the dynamic reconstruction resources of enterprises by introducing the concept of organizational resilience.Efficiency and flexibility explores the composition of resilient capabilities from a complementary perspective.Although the contradiction between them runs through the field of organizational management research,it combines the both perspectives to study on the composition and measurement of enterprise resilience from the aspects of stability and adaptability.It not only helps to balance the binary relationship of efficiency-flexibility,but also more comprehensively and deeply evaluates resilience.This article takes listed companies as the research object.The listed companies are high-quality enterprises in the society,and the selected resilient enterprises can represent the importance of excellent enterprises in terms of resilience,even if they may not be recognized from the height of resilience theory,but in practice,it will coincide with the standard of resilience in many aspects.Firstly,the widely recognized indicators are selected from the aspects of efficiency and flexibility,and the discriminant analysis method is used to extract the proxy variables that can measure enterprise resilience.Then,based on the approximating ideal point method,the weighting is used to construct an evaluation model suitable for the resilience of Chinese enterprises.Finally,measuring the resilience of listed companies provides a reference for enterprises to evaluate their own resilience.In the past,the first-hand data obtained mainly through personnel interviews and questionnaires was used as the data source of the indicators.This paper used micro-data,which supplemented the quantitative and evaluation research of organizational resilience.The research results show that,in the long run,resilient enterprises respond to the complexity and dynamics of the environment by balancing the duality,and they are both high in efficiency and flexibility.On the other hand,improving efficiency of enterprises helps organizations maintain stability and adapt to changes in the environment.Increasing flexibility helps enterprises develop and innovate continuously and promote the adaptability of enterprises.It can provide a method for companies to develop the resilience.更多还原