【作者】 周林；

【导师】 杨甬英； 曹频；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 光学工程（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 众所周知,随着国内外制造业的快速发展,尺寸和三维轮廓作为工业检测领域主要关注的特征,早已成为时下研究焦点。然而,由于检测技术的发展局限,目前对于透明物体的厚度测量以及曲面物体轮廓检测仍然存在很多挑战,如何高精度、非接触地获得物体轮廓信息仍然是国内外的研究重点和难点。近年来,凭借着非接触、高精度、自动化的优点,结构光测量技术在工业、农业、生物医学等诸多领域得到了广泛应用,三维重构和物体识别成为时下研究热点。结构光测量的基本原理是由结构光投射器向待测物体表面投射可控制的光点、光带或者光面结构,通过图像传感器(诸如CCD)获得图像、经过系统几何关系的数学建模,将二维图像信息转换成物体实际的尺寸或者轮廓三维坐标。本文针对工业生产中较为关心的玻璃面板油墨层厚度、曲面元件的轮廓检测问题,研究基于线结构光的玻璃面板油墨厚度无损在线数字化检测系统和以光栅条纹投影为代表的面结构光三维重构技术,深入探讨不同类型的结构光在工业检测中的意义,对项目所涉及到的结构光检测系统中的关键问题进行了研究。在基于线结构光的玻璃面板油墨厚度检测方面,本文提出了一种满足工业化检测需要的玻璃面板油墨厚度无损在线检测系统。该系统检测厚度达23mm,检测精度优于4μm,利用线激光光学三角原理和先进的机器视觉图像处理技术相结合,实现了对油墨厚度的高精度、快速、无损检测,具有广阔的应用前景。在基于光栅条纹投影的三维轮廓重构方面,本文利用数字投影仪(DLP),以流线型元件自动化精密检测为应用目标,构建了数字光栅投影三维重构测量系统,通过具体实验重构出面形,检测精度优于3.5mm。该技术能够促进我国逆向工程技术的发展,研究意义深远。论文采用理论分析和实验研究相结合的方法,对基于机器视觉信息的物体厚度、曲面面形重构中的关键技术进行具体实践,并对测量结果的误差进行了缜密的分析。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the rapid development of manufacturing industry in the whole world,it is well known that size and 3D-dimension of objects,as an important indicator,has become the main test program in modern production quality control.However,precise detection for the outline of curved object and the thickness of transparent objects exists plenty of challenges,so that how to obtain samples of high precision nondestructive and on-line profile information has still being a difficult and hot research at home and abroad.Recently,with the advantages of non-contact,high precision,automation,structured light measurement technology get rapid development and has been widely applied in industry,agriculture,biology,medicine and other fields,3D reconstruction and object recognition have especially become the hot issues.The fundamental of structure light measurement method is that the light projector put controlled point、band、flat upon the tested object,and the image sensor(CCD)receive image.Finally,we will transform the 2D image information into 3D coordinate object by using mathematical modeling of system geometry.This paper focus on the thickness panel glass and aerodynamic components of contour detection problem,researching on lined structured light and grating fringe projection,while deeply discuss different types of structured light and key problems in industrial detection.In the lined structure light of measurement for the thickness panel glass,a nondestructive and on-line measurement system was proposed,which can be used in industrial measurement.The maximum detection thickness was 23mm and the precision of the nondestructive and on-line measurement system can reach 4μm.As a result,by measuring the thickness of glass printing ink,this instrument can complete a high-precision,fast and nondestructive detection,which offers a broad application prospect.In the aspect of 3D contour reconstruction based on grating fringe projection,this paper made use of digital projector(DLP)to realize the automatic precision detection of the streamline components as the application target,and systematically constructs the digital 3D reconstruction measurement system.And the precision of the test is better than 3.5mm.This technique has promoted the development of reverse engineering technology in our country,which has a far-reaching impact.Combining theoretical analysis and experimental research,this paper carries on the concrete practice to study the thickness of panel glass based on machine vision and the key technology of curved surface,and gave a careful analysis of the error in the measurement.更多还原