【作者】 王鑫；

【导师】 姜晓东；

【作者基本信息】 山西农业大学 ， 农业硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 藜麦(Chenopodium abuml)为藜科植物藜,具有很高的营养价值和观赏价值,其中所含的蛋白质、活性成分等均高于常见的粮食作物。近年来,人们对藜麦的需求也日渐增加。由于引进时间短,对藜麦的研究少,栽培技术老套,限制了藜麦产业在山西的发展。为了较好的发展山西省的藜麦产业,根据省内地形与气候的对比,最终选取了太谷与静乐作为试验点。本研究对六份藜麦材料在不同生态区域环境中农艺性状和主要活性成分进行对比和阐述。主要研究内容如下:(1)研究了不同生态区域对六份藜麦材料部分农艺性状的影响。结果显示:不同生态区域对藜麦产量有显著性,r=-9.045。藜麦在太谷的不适应性,表明了太谷不适合种植藜麦。两个生态区域的物候期有明显的差异,藜麦在太谷地区的生育期比静乐地区的短,说明太谷有利于促进藜麦的生长发育,而静乐由于温度低、海拔高不利于营养物质的积累,导致生育期延长。而且太谷和静乐的千粒重与公顷产相差很大,太谷地区藜麦千粒重最大为1.82g,而静乐地区藜麦千粒重最大为3.65g;太谷和静乐地区藜麦最高公顷产分别为1942.5kg和4100.9kg。此项数据是表明藜麦在太谷不适应性的重要依据。(2)研究了不同区域对藜麦功能性成分的差异。结果表明不同的生态区域会影响藜麦种子多酚与黄酮含量,不同藜麦材料对黄酮和多酚含量也会有影响。Q1的多酚含量在两个地区分别为(2.0722mg/g,2.5145mg/g),黄酮含量分别为(5.4085mg/g,6.4971mg/g);藜麦多酚的抗氧化能力与多酚含量呈正相关性,多酚含量增加,抗氧化能力也随之提高;分析表明,藜麦黄酮与多酚含量与其种皮色呈正相关,即黄酮与多酚含量随着种皮色的增加而增加。此结果只针对本试验选取的材料提供一些理论基础,要证明黄酮与多酚是否和种皮色有关,还需要更多的品种来进一步研究。(3)根据各项数据分析得知,六份藜麦材料,对太谷的生态环境都表现出了不适应性,也表明了太谷不适合种植藜麦。但是材料Q1多酚与黄酮含量最多,功能性成分较突出,适合作为藜麦的高端产品出售,而且Q1具有较好的丰产性,适合在山西静乐大面积的推广种植。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chenopodium abuml,also known as quinoa,is a variety of food crops.Quinoa is rich in amino acids which are required by a large number of human bodies,and amino acids are important components of proteins.The function of normal functions of human proteins is inseparable from amino acids.In addition,quinoa is rich in polyphenols,flavonoids and other active substances,and long-term consumption has important benefits for human health.In recent years,due to the high nutrition and resistance of quinoa,it has become more and more popular in the world,and China has begun to grow large areas.In our country,quinoa industry has a large number of consumers.However,due to the short introduction time,the research on quinoa is low and the cultivation technique is old,which limits the development of the industry.This paper mainly studies the effects of different ecological environments on quinoa agronomic traits and functional components in order to provide a theoretical basis for further study of quinoa.The main research contents are as follows(1)The effects of different ecological areas on some agronomic characters of six quinoa materials were studied.The results showed that the yield of quinoa was significant in different ecological areas,r=-9.045.The inadaptability of quinoa in taigu indicates that it is not suitable for growing quinoa.Two the phenophase of ecological areas have obvious difference,quinoa in jujube orchard in taigu area of growth period,shorter than JingLe region,explain TaiGu is helpful to promote the growth and development of the quinoa JingLe due to low temperature,high altitude not conducive to the accumulation of nutrients,causing extended growth period.Moreover,the 1000-grain weight of quinoa in taigu and jingle is quite different from that in hectares.The 1000-grain weight of quinoa in taigu area is 1.82g at most,while that of quinoa in jingle area is 3.65g at most.The highest yield of quinoa in taigu and jingle areas was 1942.5kg and 4100.9kg respectively.This data is an important basis for showing that quinoa is not adaptable in the taigu(2)differences in functional components of quinoa in different regions were studied.The results showed that different ecological areas affected the content of polyphenols and flavones in seeds of quinoa,and different quinoa materials also affected the content of flavones and polyphenols.The polyphenol content of Q1 was(2.0722mg/g,2.5145mg/g)and the flavone content was(5.4085mg/g,6.497 1mg/g)respectively in two regions.The antioxidative ability of polyphenol in quinoa was positively correlated with polyphenol content,and the antioxidant ability increased with the increase of polyphenol content.Analysis showed that quinoa flavonoids and polyphenols were positively correlated with its seed coat color,that is,flavonoids and polyphenols increased with the increase of seed coat color.This result only provides some theoretical basis for the materials selected in this experiment.To prove whether flavonoids and polyphenols are related to seed coat color,more varieties are needed for further study.(3)according to various data analysis,it is known that six portions of quinoa materials are not suitable for the ecological environment of taigu,which also indicates that taigu is not suitable for planting quinoa.But material Q1 polyphenols and flavonoids content,most functional ingredients are outstanding,is suitable for the high-end products to sell,as quinoa and Q1 has good high,suitable for cultivation in shanxi JingLe widespread promotion.更多还原