【作者】 李娜；

【导师】 陈立东； 付桂壮；

【作者基本信息】 河北科技师范学院 ， 工程硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 我国是甘蔗种植大国,但由于其收获机械技术落后,通常都是依靠人工利用甘蔗刀进行收割,甘蔗刀在使用前都需要进行开刃工序,一般需要人工通过磨削机床进行开刃,工作量大、效率低、负荷大,不能满足大规模生产要求。本文在研究国内刀具磨削机械的基础上,提出了两种甘蔗刀磨削装置开刃方案,设计了立式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置与卧式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置,能够实现甘蔗刀的多工位磨削,自动夹紧,磨刀磨损量的手动补偿等功能,可以满足甘蔗刀开刃磨削生产的市场需求,提高了甘蔗刀开刃效率和加工精度,降低了甘蔗刀的生产成本。本文主要研究内容包括:(1)针对目前甘蔗刀具磨削效率低、磨削装置缺乏的现状,设计了双面磨削的立式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置,用Solidworks对磨削装置、刀架和进给装置进行了三维设计。根据其工作原理和结构组成,设计了磨削装置、刀架和进给装置,确定了装置主要技术参数。(2)在立式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置的基础上,创新设计了具有自动旋转、多工位自动切换、独立磨削功能的卧式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置,确定了其主要技术参数,选择设计了电动机、皮带、磨刀等。(3)为了验证设计的可靠性、安全性,以理论分析计算为基础,通过计算机软件辅助设计,对刀架导轨、刀槽、压爪、带轮轴等关键工作部件,利用有限元的方法进行了设计及动力学分析。对立式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置的刀架导轨和刀槽进行了有限元分析,在施加250N垂直载荷下,刀架导轨的最小位移为0.001mm,最大位移为0.0053mm,符合设计要求。(4)通过Solidworks软件对关键工作部件做静力学分析、疲劳分析和模态分析,为磨削装置的合理化设计和以后的改进优化提供了理论依据。通过随机取样的方式,分别对立式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置和卧式甘蔗刀开刃磨削装置进行了生产测试,试验结果表明,两种甘蔗刀开刃磨削尺寸符合技术要求,表面平整光滑,开刃锋利且无糊刃。各项性能指标符合行业标准。在工作过程中,装备运行稳定、可靠,机械传动和液压控制系统均无故障现象。更多还原

【Abstract】 China is a large sugarcane planting country,but due to its backward harvesting machinery technology,usually rely on manual use of sugarcane knife for harvesting,sugarcane knife before use need to carry out cutting process,generally need to manually through the grinding machine tool for cutting,large workload,low efficiency,strong load,can not meet the requirements of large-scale production.In this paper,based on the research of domestic tool grinding machine,puts forward two kinds of sugarcane knife grinding device package edge,designed the vertical sugarcane knife grinding device and the horizontal edge sugarcane knife edge grinding machine tool,can realize the transfer of sugarcane cutter grinding,automatic clamping,sharpen the wear amount of manual compensation,and other functions,can satisfy the market demand of sugarcane knife edge grinding production,improves the efficiency of sugarcane knife edge and the machining accuracy,reduces the production cost of cane knives.The main research contents of this paper include:(1)Aiming at the current situation of low grinding efficiency of sugarcane cutter and the lack of grinding devices,a vertical sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding device for double-sided grinding was designed.Solidworks was used to carry out three-dimensional design of the grinding device,tool holder and feeding device.According to its working principle and structure composition,the grinding device,tool holder and feeding device are designed,and the main technical parameters of the device are determined.(2)On the basis of the vertical sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding device,a horizontal sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding device with automatic rotation,multi-station automatic switching and independent grinding function was innovated and designed.The main technical parameters were determined and the motor,belt and knife were selected and designed.(3)In order to verify the reliability and safety of the design,based on theoretical analysis and calculation,and aided by computer software design,the design and dynamic analysis of key working parts such as guide rail,cutter groove,pressure claw and wheel shaft of the tool holder were carried out by means of finite element method.Finite element analysis was carried out on the guide rail and groove of the tool holder of the vertical sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding device.Under the vertical load of 250 N,the minimum displacement of the guide rail of the tool holder was 0.001 mm and the maximum displacement was 0.0053 mm,which met the design requirements.(4)Static analysis,fatigue analysis and modal analysis of key working parts are carried out with Solidworks software,providing theoretical basis for rational design of grinding device and subsequent improvement and optimization.By means of random sampling,the production test of vertical and horizontal sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding device was carried out,and the test results show that the two kinds of sugarcane cutter cutting edge grinding size met the technical requirements,with smooth surface,sharp cutting edge and no pasting edge.the performance indicators meet the industry standards.In the working process,the equipment operates stably and reliably,and the mechanical transmission and hydraulic control are trouble-free.更多还原