【作者】 李俊；

【导师】 胡静；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 控制工程， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 天基光学探测空间碎片技术,通过空间观测平台跟踪空间碎片,从而进行目标定轨、预报和编目,便于后续规避和清除等操作,因此该技术对于降低空间碎片碰撞事件和维护太空安全有着重要意义。本文从空间碎片目标光子相机成像仿真、空间碎片目标成像轨迹检测和空间碎片短弧初轨确定三个方面对天基光学探测空间碎片技术展开研究。空间碎片目标光子相机成像仿真部分,本文主要研究空间碎片运动建模和光子辐射成像建模。在光子辐射成像建模中,本文提出基于TOA估计的光子计数型相机成像仿真模型,可模拟光子计数型相机成像效果。空间碎片目标成像轨迹检测部分,通过分析碎片光子辐射特性和多帧光子时序图的目标成像特性,本文应用双Hough变换轨迹检测算法,实现了对空间碎片的高性能检测,为空间碎片短弧定轨奠定了基础。空间碎片短弧初轨确定部分,通过分析空间碎片轨道特征,本文提出一种基于Gauss法解群优选的初轨确定算法,该算法极大程度地提高了短弧定轨精度,有着较好的抗干扰性能。另外,本文研制了“天基光学探测空间碎片技术”软件平台,该平台具有实验设计、实验运行、实验结果统计分析和实验结果可视化显示的功能,可用于进一步深化研究课题。更多还原

【Abstract】 The technology,the space-based optical detection of space debris,is to track the space debris through the space observation platform,in order to determine and predict the orbits and catalog the targets.Thus,it is essential to reduce the space debris collision events and maintain the space safety.In this paper,the studies include three parts,the imaging simulation of photon camera,the detection of imaging trajectory and the determination of short-arc initial orbit for space debris.In the part of the imaging simulation of photon camera for space debris,the research includes the modeling of moving targets and photon emission images.Furthermore,the imaging simulation model of photon-counting camera based the TOA estimation is proposed,and it is effective for the imaging simulation results.In the part of the detection of imaging trajectory for space debris,the Dual-Hough transform algorithm for moving target detection is applied by analyzing the characteristics of photon emission and the multi-frame photon time-ordered imaging graphs of targets.The algorithm has high performance for target detection,and most importantly,it can lay a solid foundation on initial orbit determination.In the part of the determination of short-arc initial orbit for space debris,the optimal choice of solution group based on Gaussian method algorithm is proposed by analyzing the characteristics of space debris orbits.The new method can improve the accuracy of short-arc orbit determination and has a better anti-jamming performance.In addition,the space-based optical detection of space debris software platform is designed,which can design,operate,analyze and display the experiments.The software platform can be used to further research.更多还原