【作者】 李健；

【导师】 李俊勇；

【作者基本信息】 河北大学 ， 中国古代文学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 《长生殿》是我国古典四大名剧之一,在将近350年的时间里,产生了大量的关于《长生殿》的曲谱,其中或清工、或戏工,或全本、或散出,或小全本、或只曲,其编订、传抄者既有曲学大家,又有不知名的文人,既有曲坛拍先,又有场上专擅的老伶工,林林总总,蔚为大观。本文从《长生殿》传世曲谱的版本和音乐(声腔)两方面入手,一方面整理、对比、分析、考证《长生殿》曲谱64种,其中刻本4种,活字本1种,石印本7种,抄本50种,晒蓝本1种,油印本1种,分列其曲谱的版本、作者、成书时间、曲谱性质、曲谱形态等,并通过对各谱相同折子在折子名称、曲牌名称、曲牌格律、宫调、笛色、集曲犯调、所选曲牌、所选折子等方面的对比分析,找出在《长生殿》传唱、搬演过程中曲家、艺人等进行的艺术选取和剪裁手法,借以反映时代风气的变化和观众欣赏要求的变革;另一方面着重选取重点折子《闻铃》,将传世曲谱中所有含有《闻铃》两只【武陵花】唱腔的部分全部进行翻译、对比,发现各主要曲谱之间主腔的继承关系,即《新编南词定律》与《纳书楹曲谱》存在明显的继承关系,《新定九宫大成南北词宫谱》与《吟香堂曲谱》存在明显的继承关系,以及《纳书楹曲谱》之后的约20种曲谱,均与《纳书楹曲谱》高度相似,从中分析出昆曲曲谱“依字行腔”订谱方法的渐渐失传、昆曲曲谱行腔的渐渐固定,同时对润腔的繁简趋势、润腔方法的使用频率和使用方式进行简要分析。最后根据《长生殿》曲谱版本和音乐以及舞台三方面的对比研究,最终得出《长生殿》曲谱在版本和音乐两方面的沿革轨迹,并做出《长生殿》曲谱源流系统图:图分三条线,一条线是从《新编南词定律》《新定九宫大成南北词宫谱》《吟香堂曲谱》《纳书楹曲谱》《粟庐曲谱》一脉贯穿下来的清工谱,一线是以《遏云阁曲谱》等为代表的戏工谱,一线是以《集成曲谱》等为代表的清工、戏工合一谱。更多还原

【Abstract】 The Palace of Eternal Life is one of the four greatest classical drama in China.During nearly 350 years,this has resulted in a large number of labeled melodies,which were edited by literati or actors/actresses,and formed a numerous volumes,presenting a splendid sight.This article is written from two aspects: the editions and the music of the The Palace of Eternal Life’s labeled melody.On the one hand,we sorted,analysed and researched the editions,authors,book nature,time of 64 labeled melodies,including 4 kinds of block-printed books,1 types of movable-type printing,7 kinds of lithographic books,50 copies of copy books,1 kinds of blueprint and 1 copies of Oil print,and found out the art selection and “tailoring” techniques of them through the comparative analysis of the name and rhythm of Tunes,Gong Diao,Flute Tune,suriko name,selected tunes and so on,to reflect the change of the times mood and audience appreciation requirements,on the other hand,we selected the key suriko Heard The Bell Ringing and translated all the tunes of Wu Ling Flower of suriko Heard The Bell Ringing in all the labeled melody and compared them,finding the inheritance relationship between the main melody of main chamber,namely Nan Ci Ding Lv and Na Shu Ying Labeled Melody,Jiu Gong Da Cheng Nan Bei Ci Gong Pu and Yin Xiang Tang Labeled Melody,besides that approximately 20 labeled melodies were highly similar to Na Shu Ying Labeled Melody,and so on.Eventually,according to the comparative study of the music version of The Palace of Eternal Life’s labeled melody,we obtained the tracks of change both on edition and music of The Palace of Eternal Life’s labeled melody,and make a map of the source and stream of the music spectrum of The Palace of Eternal Life’s labeled melody: the map is divided into three lines,and the first line is one pulse of the Qing Gong spectrum from Nan Ci Ding Lv,Jiu Gong Da Cheng Nan Bei Ci Gong Pu,Yin Xiang Tang Labeled Melody,Na Shu Ying Labeled Melody to Su Lu Labeled Melody,and the second line is a pulse of the opera spectrum presented by E Yun Pavillion Labeled Melody,and the last line is a pulse of combination of the Qing Gong and opera spectrum presented by Ji Cheng Labeled Melody.更多还原