【作者】 陈晨；

【导师】 刘大平；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 哈尔滨是十九世纪末在以中东铁路为代表的现代工业技术触发下,由俄国主导,受近代复杂历史环境影响而形成的城市。其规划、建设与管理体现了当时世界范围内的现代探索与思考,其内容表现出多种形式的文化扩散与融合过程,其形态则体现出典型的寒地城市特征,具有独特的历史意义。以此为依托的城市绿地系统结构清晰完整,记录了城市的发展脉络。其中大量的城市公园和城市道路绿化,类型丰富、形式多样,是造就城市空间与文化特色的重要元素。本文将对哈尔滨近代城市公园和道路绿地的规划、建设及特点进行复原和解析。根据历史文献资料整理以及实地调研的基础之上,对哈尔滨近代时期,即1898年-1945年的城市规划、城市公园和道路绿地的规划建设和发展进行分析。在对哈尔滨近代城市公园方面的研究,梳理哈尔滨近代城市公园的发展历程,分析哈尔滨近代城市公园在城市区内的分布情况。并将近代城市公园的类别进行归纳,同时,着重研究了其造园特征,从西方规划理念的历史背景、规划布局、多样的功能分区以及利用哈尔滨临江的地理位置四方面特点出发,选取典型案例进行分析,总结其特点特征。又对哈尔滨独有的地域性、文化性特征进行总结。在对城市道路绿化方面的研究,首先从城市规划的角度出发,对哈尔滨近代城市路网进行分析,将城市路网形式进行分类,并举例进行了总结说明。其次,从道路绿地的形式,其组织方式、空间形式以及绿化对景方式对哈尔滨近代城市道路绿地进行深层次的研究分析。最后由于哈尔滨特殊的历史以及地理位置,再对其地域文化性景观进行总结。总之,城市公园和道路绿地是城市景观的重要组成部分,是一个城市的主要面貌,是承载着城市历史、文化的重要场所,本论文从现存的近代城市公园和道路绿地入手,并结合史料,对近代城市公园和道路绿地的规划和发展进行考证研究,对其发展、特征进行分析总结,以期对近代建筑文化的研究与保护提供材料和准备基础,同样也可对哈尔滨未来的城市公园以及绿地系统的规划以借鉴和参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the trigger of modern industrial technology represented by the Middle East Railway and the influence of complex historical environment in modern times,Harbin city came into being at the end of the nineteenth century led by Russia.The planning,construction,and management of Harbin city embody the modern exploration in the world at that time.Its content shows various forms of cultural diffusion and integration process,and its shape also reflects the typical characteristics of winter city.Thus,Harbin city has a unique historical significance.Based on this,the structure of its urban green land system is clear and complete,recording the development of the city.Within the system,there are a large number of urban parks and street green spaces with various types and forms,which become important elements for creating urban space and cultural features.This paper will reconstruct and analyze the planning,construction,and characteristics of urban parks and street green spaces in modern Harbin.Based on the collection of historical literature and field study,this research analyzes the construction and development of urban planning,urban parks as well as street green spaces in Harbin during the modern phase,that is,from 1898 to 1945.In the part of modern Harbin urban parks study,this paper first combs its development vein,analyzes its distribution in the urban area,and summarizes its categories.Then,through the typical case study,we focus on inducing the characteristics of gardening from a perspective of western planning concept,which contains four aspects of historical background,planning layout,various functional zoning and special geographical location adjacent to the river.Furthermore,a summary of the unique regional and cultural characteristics of Harbin has been conducted.While in the study of street green spaces,this paper analyzes the modern urban road network from the point of view of urban planning,classifies its diverse forms,and describes through illustrating proper examples.A deeper research is then given by analyzing the organization mode,space forms,and landscape methods of street green spaces.At last,we conclude the regional cultural landscape feature of Harbin owing to its special history and geographical location.In conclusion,urban parks and street green spaces are important components of the urban landscape,which demonstrates the main features of the city and bears the history and culture of the city.This paper conducts research on the planning and development of modern urban parks and street green spaces through the combination of the existing landscape study and historical documents review.Afterthe analysis of its characteristics,it is hoped to provide further materials for the research and protection of modern architecture,and also draw on the experience of future urban parks and green spaces planning for Harbin.更多还原