【作者】 赵可；

【导师】 祁佩时；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 环境科学与工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 近年来,药理活性化合物(Pharmaceutically active compounds,Ph ACs)随着药物用量的增加,其来源于去向以及对人类健康和自然生态系统的影响渐渐成为人们所关注的环境问题。因为Ph ACs的难降解特性,处理研究大多使用物理或化学手段,很少有研究者用生物手段对其进行降解。这导致了处理费用高昂以及需要新建化学处理设施等问题。微氧生物反应器因其独特的氧化还原电位环境,有着微生物多样性高、食物链长、总氮去除效率高等诸多优势。因为其中有着许多不同的生化反应过程,其对于环境中的Ph ACs可能有着较好的去除效果。目前研究者们对于微氧状态的研究大多停留于对于不同药物的处理效果,并未深入的分析ORP、混合系统等参数对于处理效果的影响,更没有深入的对微氧环境下不同的代谢过程进行研究。本文以微氧序批式活性污泥反应器(SBR)为主体,通过在不同的ORP下运行研究其对反应器处理效果的影响。通过增加生物填料的方式研究悬浮污泥与泥膜系统对于处理效果的影响。通过不同的底物在微氧SBR反应器内单纯的进行硝化反应、反硝化反应与相对应的典型微氧SBR代谢,研究不同的代谢过程对SMX去除的贡献。与此同时,研究了微氧SBR对于含氮化合物的代谢过程。希望可以通过本次研究更好的了解微氧过程代谢难降解有机物的规律与细节。微氧SBR反应器在较高的ORP环境下有着更好的运行效果。泥膜反应器相较于悬浮活性污泥反应器有着更好的抗冲击负荷,也会使得出水中COD、NH4+-N和SMX的浓度进一步降低,并且泥膜系统中的悬浮活性污泥有着更好的沉降性能。微氧SBR泥膜系统在MLSS为3g?L-1,HRT为8h的条件下运行时,COD、NH4+-N、TN和SMX的去除效率分别可以达到87%、90%、89%和68%。微氧SBR反应器中NH4+-N的去除主要依靠自养硝化,NO3-的去除主要依靠异养反硝化。自养硝化细菌和异养细菌在代谢过程中均能以SMX为共代谢底物对其进行生物降解或转化。自养硝化、异养反硝化和典型微氧SBR代谢在MLSS为1.5g?L-1,HRT为12h,进水SMX浓度为0.05mg?L-1的条件下,SMX的降解率分别为40.61%、27.51%和60.59%。结合典型微氧SBR反应器中SMX浓度的时变曲线,分析得到微氧SBR反应器中SMX的主要降解途径为氨氧化细菌氧化NH4+-N过程中的共代谢作用,其次为异养细菌代谢有机物时的共代谢作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 In recent years,with the increase of drug dosage,pharmacologically active compounds(Ph ACs)have gradually become an environmental concern because of their fate and influence on human health and natural ecosystems.Because of the non-degrade properties of Ph ACs,most of the treatments used physical or chemical methods.Few researchers used biologic methods to degrade them.This has caused problems such as high processing costs and the need for new chemical processing facilities.Because of its unique redox potential environment,the micro-aerobic bioreactor has many advantages such as high microbial diversity,long food chain,and high total nitrogen removal efficiency.Because there are many different biochemical reactions,they may have better removal effects for Ph ACs in the micro-aerobic bioreactor.At present,the researcher’s research on micro-aerobic status mostly stays in the treatment effect of different drugs,and do not deeply analyze the influence of parameters such as ORP and mixed system on the treatment effect,and there is no deeper understanding of different metabolic processes in micro-aerobic environments.In this paper,the micro-aerobic SBR reactor is used as the main body,and the effect of ORP on the treatment effect of the reactor is studied by running under different ORP.The influence of suspended sludge and mud membrane system on the treatment effect was studied by adding biological fillers.Different substrates were used to perform the nitrification reaction,denitrification reaction and the corresponding typical micro-aerobic metabolism in the micro-aerobic SBR reactor to study the contribution of different metabolic processes to the removal of SMX.At the same time,the metabolic process of nitrogen-containing compounds by micro-aerobic SBR was studied.It is hoped that this study can better understand the rules and details of the metabolic degradation of organic matter in the micro-aerobic process.The micro-aerobic SBR reactor has a better operating effect in a higher ORP environment.Mud membrane reactors have a better shock load than suspended activated sludge reactors,and will further reduce the concentration of COD,NH4+-N and SMX in the effluent,and the suspended activated sludge in the mud membrane system.Has better settling properties.When the micro-aerobic SBR mud system is operated under MLSS of 3 g?L-1 and HRT of 8 h,the removal efficiency of COD,NH4+-N,TN and SMX could achieve 87%,90%,89% and 68%,respectively.The removal of NH4+-N in the microoxidation SBR reactor mainly depends on autotrophic nitrification,and the removal of NO3-mainly depends on heterotrophic denitrification.Both autotrophic nitrifying bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria can be biodegraded or transformed by using SMX as a co-metabolism substrate in metabolic processes.Autotrophic nitrification,heterotrophic denitrification,and typical micro-aerobic SBR metabolism in MLSS were 1.5 g?L-1,HRT was 12 h,and influent SMX concentration was 0.05 mg?L-1.Under the conditions,the degradation rates of SMX were 40.61%,27.51% and 60.59%,respectively.Combined with the time-varying curve of the concentration of SMX in a typical micro-aerobic SBR reactor,the main degradation pathway of SMX in the micro-aerobic SBR reactor is the co-metabolism of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the process of oxidizing NH4+-N,followed by the co-metabolism of heterotrophic bacteria in the metabolism of organic compounds.更多还原