【作者】 郭丽云；

【导师】 郄志红；

【作者基本信息】 河北农业大学 ， 水工结构工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 针对传统鱼道一经建成,其固体边界条件已经固定,池室内水流流速分布变化不大,过于条件单一等的缺点,研究了一种固体边界条件可相对变化的、通过太极圆盘和八卦爻条组合消减水流能量,能形成多态流速场以适应多种鱼类洄游的太极式新型鱼道的水流特性。主要研究内容如下:针对简版太极式新型鱼道制作了实验装置,进行了物理模型的室内试验,测量了不同方案时鱼道各关键断面的的水位,并进行了过鱼对比试验;建立了简版太极式新型鱼道的计算流体动力学(CFD)模型,对鱼道水力特性进行了三维数值模拟,物理试验与模型试验结果对比表明:数值模拟和试验结果变化趋势基本一致,并分析了随太极圆盘转动的不同方案时鱼道的流速场;基于CFD数值模型模拟分析了改进后的太极八卦式鱼道的水力特性。研究结果表明:该新型鱼道有良好的消能减速效果。简版太极式鱼道最浅处水深达到无太极圆盘时相应最浅水深的2倍以上,断面平均最大流速为0.95m/s,相对于无太极圆盘的情况降低50%以上;鱼道池室内水流呈现多态化,另外随太极圆盘方位不同流速场亦有明显变化,故该种鱼道可为鱼类提供更多适宜的洄游条件;改进后的太极八卦式鱼道,在消能减速效果和营造多态水流方面性能更优。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aiming at the problems of the traditional fish-way once completed,the flow condition is basically fixed,and difficult to adapt to a variety of fishes through,this paper presents a new type of fishway Tai Chi which can form a rich flow regime and adapt to the migration of many fishes.The main research contents are as follows:The experiment device was made for the simple Tai Chi fishway,and the indoor test of the physical model was carried out.The water level of each key section of the fishway was measured under different working conditions,and the comparison test of the fish was carried out;The computational fluid dynamics(CFD)model of the simple Tai Chi fishway was established and the three dimensional numerical simulation of the hydraulic characteristics of the fishway was carried out.The comparison of the results of physical test and model test showed that they are basically the same trend.The velocity field of fishway under different conditions with the rotation of Tai Chi disk was analyzed;Based on the CFD numerical model,the hydraulic characteristics of the refined Tai Chi-Eight Diagrams fishway were simulated and analyzed.The results showed that the new type of fishway has a good reduction effect.The shallowest water depth of the simple Tai Chi fishway is twice that of the corresponding shallowest water depth without the Tai Chi disk,the average maximum velocity of the section is 0.95m/s.Average maximum velocity of cross section decreased by more than50%,the flow presents polymorphism,Tai Chi disk’s different positions also make flow change,which can provide more suitable conditions for migratory fish.The refined Tai Chi— Eight diagrams fishway has better performance in reducing energy dissipation and creating polymorphic water flow.更多还原