【作者】 李凯；

【导师】 成建联；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着国内外矿产资源开发的逐渐增多,工程上对于自卸车需求量不断提升,很多企业相继研发了一系列大吨位车型。对于大吨位矿用自卸车而言,很多企业只关注其安全性以及工作效率,而忽视其平顺性问题。然而,矿用自卸车工作环境恶劣,为了确保驾驶员的乘坐舒适性和人身安全,提高整车使用寿命,必须对大吨位矿用自卸车进行平顺性研究。本文以某载重110t的大吨位矿用自卸车为研究对象,根据整车结构,利用多体系统动力学理论建立起了十自由度的整车悬挂系统的动力学模型。其次,根据整车悬挂系统的动力学模型,利用ADAMS/Car软件对该车进行了平顺性仿真分析。在仿真分析的基础上,对该车进行了实际矿区路面的实车测试。根据测试结果,本文提出了对工程车辆进行平顺性评价时,应对采集的数据综合运用ISO2631-1:1997(E)、GB/T4970、《土方机械驾乘式机器暴露于全身振动的评价指南》三种评价方法处理,这样评价结果会更客观反应出整车的振动情况对人体的影响。同时对该车进行了油气悬挂减振性测试,提出了用振动传递率对悬挂减振性进行评价。针对该车前悬挂存在的问题,进行了多次平顺性测试,并利用不同的平顺性评价体系对该车进行平顺性评价。通过分析试验数据,提取出整车悬挂振动特性以及该矿区路面的激励特性,并在DEWESoft分析软件里,利用快速加权滤波的方法对数据进行处理,从而对该车进行平顺性评价。同时根据试验结果指出前悬挂特性以及座椅面垂直方向振动对整车平顺性影响较大。整个研究过程以试验测试为核心,进行了多次实际矿区路面的实车测试,本课题的研究内容以及本文中大量丰富的试验数据以及相应结论对于工程车辆尤其是大吨位矿用自卸车的平顺性、油气悬挂减振性研究及工程应用上具有很好的参考和实用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increasing of the development of mineral resources at home and abroad,the demand for dump trucks has been increasing in engineering,and a series of large tonnage models have been developed in many enterprises.For large tonnage dump trucks,many enterprises only pay attention to their safety and efficiency,but ignore their ride comfort.However,the working environment of mine dump truck is bad.In order to ensure driver’s ride comfort and personal safety and improve the life of vehicle,it is necessary to study the ride comfort of large tonnage dump truck.In this paper,a large tonnage dump truck with a load of 110 t is taken as the research object.Based on the whole vehicle structure,a dynamic model of ten degrees of freedom is established by using the theory of multi body system dynamics.In evaluating the ride comfort of the engineering vehicles,this paper puts forward three evaluation methods to deal with the collected data,such as ISO2631-1:1997(E),GB/T4970,and the evaluation guide of the earthwork machine driving machine exposed to the whole body vibration,so that the evaluation results will reflect more objectively the vibration of the whole vehicle to the human body.At the same time,the vibration test of oil and gas suspension is carried out,and the vibration transmissibility is put forward to evaluate the suspension damping performance.Aiming at the problems existing in the front suspension of the vehicle,multiple ride tests were carried out,and ride comfort evaluation of the vehicle was carried out by using different ride comfort evaluation system.Through the analysis of the test data,the vibration characteristics of the vehicle suspension and the excitation characteristics of the road surface are extracted.In the DEWE-Soft analysis software,the fast weighted filtering method is used to deal with the data,thus the ride comfort of the vehicle is evaluated.Meanwhile,according to the test results,it is pointed out that the characteristics of front suspension and vertical vibration of seat surface have great influence on vehicle ride comfort.Finally,the ride comfort of the car is simulated by ADAMS/Car software,and the accuracy of the test data is further verified by simulation analysis.The whole research process takes the test as the core,and carries out the actual road test of the actual mining area.The research content and the abundant test data in this paper have good reference for the ride comfort of the engineering vehicle,especially the large tonnage dump truck,the vibration damping research and the engineering application of the oil and gas suspension.更多还原