【作者】 刘琳；

【导师】 陈文超；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 社会工作， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国人口老龄化社会的到来,独居老人群体逐步扩大,目前对于城区的独居老人来说,在物质上已经不再有巨大的困扰,反而是精神照料层面的缺失成为老人的忧思。本文主要以H高校社区的80岁以上的高龄独居老人为研究对象,在社会支持网络理论指导下,运用个案工作方法介入独居老人的精神照料问题。通过问卷和入户访谈的形式,了解H社区内独居老人的基本生活状况以及精神照料的现状,发现目前H社区高龄独居老人精神照料方面所存在的情感需求无法得到满足,社会交往不足以及缺乏文化娱乐活动等问题,经过分析得出结论:精神照料问题主要是由于案主自身社会支持网络较为薄弱所致,因此需要帮助案主去建立社会支持网络。在研究操作过程中,具体以一名存在精神照料问题的高龄独居老人为个案服务对象,通过重新构建与巩固案主的社会支持网络,从亲属、邻居、朋辈群体、社区以及志愿者团队等去帮助案主获取支持资源,以期改善精神照料的状况。之后通过对专业服务进行评估与反思,本研究发现,运用社会支持网络理论,基于社会个案工作的方法,通过协助案主建立起一个适合其独居老人的社会支持网络,使其有能力通过这个网络实现自助,是能够在一定程度上去改善独居老人的精神照料状况的。但是与此同时,个案工作也是具有一定的局限性,整个介入干预过程也受到社会工作者的专业水平的影响,所以精神照料状况尽管有所改善,但是效果有限。为了更好帮助高龄独居老人解决精神照料问题,笔者建议,社会工作在介入中可优先重点关注独居老人家庭关系的改善,可以综合运用多种社会工作方法,而作为高校社区应该提升对高龄独居老人的重视程度,给予老人更多的关心和支持。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the arrival of the aging society in our country,the group of elder living alone has gradually expanded.At present,for the elder living alone in urban areas,there is no longer a huge problem materially,but the lack of spiritual care has become a worry for the elder.Under the guidance of the social support network theory,this paper mainly takes the elderly people over 80 years old in H university community as the research object,uses the social case work method to intervene the spiritual care problem of the solitary elder.In this paper,the basic living conditions and mental care status of the elder living alone in community H were investigated by means of household interviews and questionnaire.The study found that there are some problems such as emotional needs can not be satisfied,social communication is insufficient,and cultural and recreational activities are lacking in the spiritual care of elderly and solitary elder in community H at present.The analysis concludes that the mental care problem is mainly due to the breakdown of the social support network,it is necessary to help them link and build a social support network.In the course of the research and operation,a single elderly person with mental care problems was specifically taken as the case service object.We help them re-construct and consolidate the social support network of the clients,from the relatives,neighbors,peer groups,communities and volunteer teams.we should help the victim gain support resources to improve mental care conditions.Through the evaluation and reflection of professional services,this study finds that,by using the theory of social support network and based on the method of social case work,the author can help the client to establish a social support network suitable for his or her individual.Enable them to help themselves through this network,and to some extent improve the mental care of the elder living alone.But at the same time,the case work also has some limitations,the whole intervention process is also affected by the professional level of social workers,so the mental care situation is improved,but the effect is limited.Inorder to better help the solitary elder solve mental care problems,it is suggested that social workers should focus on the improvement of the family relationship of the elderly living alone,a variety of social work methods can be integrated,and the community of colleges and universities should pay more attention to the elder and give them more care and support.更多还原