【作者】 谢涛；

【导师】 杜春艳；

【作者基本信息】 华中科技大学 ， 建筑与土木工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 施工场地布置是项目现场管理的基础和前提,对项目建设有着重大的意义。科学合理的布置方案可以在减少安全风险,确保工期的前提下,降低施工成本,最终推动建设项目目标的实现。实际项目中,在确定场地布置方案时,项目管理人员常常依靠个人工作经验和主观偏好去决定最后的方案,这种方式往往会因不确定的因素而产生多种问题。随着工程建设的标准化、规范化、规程化理念的不断深入,为了能使场地布置方案最适合施工现场的实际要求,需要一种科学合理的方法对施工场地进行布置。首先,本文对施工场地布置问题进行了分析,认为施工场地布置是一个系统化的决策过程,主要包括方案设计和方案评选两个阶段,方案设计是一个二次分配问题,而方案评选是一个模糊决策问题。然后,在施工场地布置相关理论基础上,本文建立了以总成本为目标函数的方案设计模型,并利用遗传算法的优越性去解决模型运算问题,得到了多个施工场地布置方案。然后引入模糊思想,用三角模糊数表示方案评价指标及权重,对多个方案进行综合评价并选择出最优的布置方案。最后,结合东渡悦来城具体项目,说明施工场地布置最优方案的生成过程。施工场地布置往往受多个因素的影响,本文采用定量与定性研究相结合的方法,实现对施工场地进行科学合理的布置。通过遗传算法利用计算机语言客观科学地解决施工场地布置方案设计问题,并运用模糊思想克服决策者主观因素的不确定性,合理地对设计方案进行综合评价并选择出最优的布置方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 As the basis of the project site management,the layout of the construction site had great significance for the project construction.Scientific and reasonable site layout can improve progress,reduce security risk and construction cost.These can promote the realization of construction project goals.In the actual project,the final plan is often determined by personal experience and subjective preferences of the project managers,which often causes a variety of problems due to uncertain factors.As the continuous deepening of the concept of standardization in the construction of engineering,a scientific and reasonable method is needed to arrange the construction site.The essence of the construction site layout problem is first analyzed.The layout of the construction site is a systematic decision process,which mainly includes two stages of planning design and planning evaluation.The planning design of the construction site is a Quadratic Assignment Problem,and the planning evaluation is a fuzzy decision-making problem.On the basis of the related theory of construction site layout,the cost goal is used as the objective function.Then,the genetic algorithm is used to solve the design model problem and several construction site layout plans can be obtained.Then the fuzzy idea is introduced,the triangular fuzzy numbers are used to represent the evaluation index and weight of the scheme,and multiple plans are comprehensively evaluated to select the best plan.Finally,the practical case is combined to reflect the applicability of layout design model and fuzzy decision model.The method of combining quantitative and qualitative research is adopted to get the scientific and rational layout of the construction site which is often influenced by many factors.The genetic algorithm is used to solve the design problem of the construction site layout objectively and scientifically.The fuzzy idea is used to overcome the uncertainty of the subjective factors and the optimal layout planning is rationally evaluated and selected.更多还原