【作者】 李楠；

【导师】 林智超； 张宇；

【作者基本信息】 大连理工大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 中国的乡村建设是我国近现代化进程中一个较为独特的研究领域,其面临着当代中国乡村体制变革与经济转型所带来的双倍压力,波及范围广泛,发展历程曲折。在当前以政府新农村建设为主导的建设浪潮中,我国当代农村建设取得了巨大的成就,但是也产生了更深层次的问题。当前乡村建设主要是以模拟城市建设方式来快速推进城镇化,为追求建设速度盲目运用现代建筑材料,导致当代乡村中出现了千篇一律的砖材、混凝土等材料建设的房屋。这种材料运用方式忽视了地域文化、环境需求,割裂了乡村发展文脉,也让传统的乡土肌理与乡村特色荡然无存。面对当代乡村建设所存在的一系列问题,回归到建筑本体性的视角中来对当代乡村建筑设计实践进行指导就显得尤为重要。前工业时代,对于乡村建筑材料的选用遵循着就地取材的原则,建立起了建筑材料与乡村特有的自然环境之间的天然联系。同时,乡村建筑的主要特征也是通过建筑材料所外化表现出来的。而当代乡村建设中材料与乡村自然环境之间的关系被割裂了,使得乡村建设缺少了文脉与乡村特色。面对这一问题,本文以材料认知为基础对当代乡村建设实践进行分析与解读,以期对未来的乡村建设有一定的借鉴意义。论文收集了大量的中国当代乡村建设实践案例,并从材料的建构表达、面饰表达与非物质性表达三个方面对当代乡村建设实践的典型案例展开讨论与分析,总结出当代乡村建设中材料运用的特征。基于对材料表达“真实性”的探讨,在当代乡村建设实践中的材料表达应该符合材料的物理性能,同时通过现代技术的介入,拓展材料的建造方式。材料的饰面属性不断得到强化,材料丰富的质感肌理,辅以现代精湛的材料加工工艺,使得材料展现出物性的光辉。在文化属性方面,当代乡村建设实践中材料运用多以唤起怀旧体验、场所精神、地域文化为主要原则,重在体现出乡村建筑的时间性与地点性。通过对大量乡村建设实践案例的分析与研究,对当代乡村建筑设计的材料使用策略进行总结,提出材料的具体设计策略。文章最后对当代乡村建筑设计中材料的运用趋势进行了深层次的分析,总结出当代乡村建设过程中材料运用的趋势与运用的模式。通过材料认知角度对当代乡村建筑设计实践进行分析与研究,试图总结出当代乡村建设中材料运用策略与运用趋势。在当代乡村建设实践中,应当采用适宜的建设材料,不固守于传统材料,但也不盲目追求现代材料,以期提高材料在当代乡村建设中的整合度,立足当下,面向未来,构建具有中国特色的乡村建筑。更多还原

【Abstract】 China’s rural construction is a more unique research field in the process of China’s recent modernization.It is faced with the double pressure brought by the reform of rural system and economic transformation in contemporary China,and it has a wide range,and the course of development is tortuous.In the current wave of construction led by the new rural construction,great achievements have been made in the contemporary rural construction in China,but there are also deeper problems.The current rural construction is mainly to simulate the city construction mode to promote the rapid urbanization,but ignored the problem of social structure and the mode of life of the country concerned,leading to the current standard of production and living needs and administrative construction mode can not fit the villagers,also let the local texture and the characteristics of rural traditional all gone.Faced with a series of problems in contemporary rural construction,it is particularly important to guide the practice of contemporary rural architecture design from the perspective of architectural ontology.In the pre industrial age,for the selection of village building materials will follow the principle of local materials,establish a unique natural connection between building materials and rural natural environment.At the same time,the main features of rural buildings are also manifested through the construction materials.Therefore,this paper selects materials as the research focus to analyze and interpret the practice of rural construction in contemporary China,hoping to be beneficial for the future rural architectural design practice.This paper has collected a large number of cases of Chinese contemporary rural construction practice.This paper discusses and analyzes the typical cases of contemporary rural construction practice from three aspects: material structure,decorative properties and cultural attributes,and summarizes the characteristics of material application in contemporary rural construction.Based on the discussion of the authenticity of materials,the material expression in contemporary rural construction practice should conform to the physical properties of materials,and at the same time,we can expand the way of material construction through modern technology.The decoration property of materials is continuously strengthened.The texture of materials,combined with the exquisite workmanship of modern material processing,make materials emit the brilliance of physical property.In terms of cultural attributes,the application of materials in contemporary rural construction practice mainly focuses on nostalgia,place spirit and regional culture,which focuses on the timeliness and locality of rural architecture.Through the analysis and study of a large number of rural construction practice cases,the material use strategy of contemporary rural architectural design is summarized.Four strategies are put forward: the authenticity strategy of material expression,the coherence strategy of material application,the appropriateness strategy of material construction mode,and the ecological strategy of material application.At the end of this paper,we rethink the practical situation of contemporary rural architecture design,and summarize the shortcomings and defects in the process of rural construction.From the perspective of material cognition,it is necessary for us to analyze and research the practice of contemporary rural architecture design,and build a building that can adapt to the characteristics of contemporary rural society in China.In the practice of contemporary rural construction,we should apply materials appropriately,treat the authenticity of material expression dialectically,improve the integration degree of materials in contemporary rural construction,and build a rural architecture with Chinese characteristics based on the present and future.更多还原