【作者】 王建华；

【导师】 张文； 邹友良；

【作者基本信息】 北京化工大学 ， 工程管理（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 在“十二五”期间,在国家和集团总部高度重视物联网技术和大数据的背景下,为了提高石油工程领域技术作业的质量,减少作业的过程中出现的错误,为了减少工程施工的时间和降低工程造价,在保证工程实施过程中安全性的同时,能够及时交付成果,需要提升石油工程技术领域的自动化水平和其他相关技能。例如:得到的数据是否准确,能否在规定时间内拥有较高传输效率。减少现场人员的手工填报工作,提高工程通过远程操作进行技术层面上的服务和对于工程的决策能力和一线与后方进行多种方面的数据传送的协同能力。集团总部规划了物联网结合大数据存储AA系统,以下项目简称为AA系统。随着大数据技术和物联网技术的兴起,为解决物物相联以及并发性大容量存储提供了契机。物联网技术根据设备的智能装备传感器在特定的环境下通过各种无线,有线,卫星,实现物与物之间的信息互联互通,并采用安全网络机制提供在线实时监控,预警,报警,远程控制,决策支持等服务功能。目前根据设备采集的业务数据正在以几何级数的形式爆发,每天产生的数据量至少是100G以上,随着数据量的增大,传统的数据库技术已无法满足其性能和存储要求,随着大数据技术的崛起,提供了高可靠性,高并发性,高可用性,通过相关技术对大容量数据进行分析和挖掘,并能实时的指导现场人员工作。本文根据前期调研结果发现集团下面各地区公司从数据采集设备、数据采集传输,数据存储等应用系统来看,存在一定的差异。在作业井场方面:设备不支持数据自动提取,需手工录入,采集标准不统一,数据存储分散等现象,并且在数据采集现场工作人员需要当天施工结束后将采集数据从仪器里拷贝出来,带回营地在分析,并没有做到数据的时实性和采集出来的数据在多专业下共享。本项目针对上述问题,结合物联网和大数据技术,让各地区公司提升现场作业水平,完成对得到的现场生产信息进行综合;建设能够提供远程服务的作业中心,能够完成作业的优先选择和生产工作的相互配合。造就一个集数据采集和应用、多个专业相互配合的服务平台,增强一条龙服务能力。更多还原

【Abstract】 During the Twelfth Five-Year Plan period,our country and group headquarters paid more attentions to technologies of Internet of Things and big data and therefore planned a AA system through the combination of both of them for the purpose of improving technology operational quality,work efficiency,the abilities of automated operation in the field of petroleum engineering and other related skills,such as:the timeliness,accuracy and transmission efficiency of survey data,few manual reporting work at the scene,the abilities of long-distance decision support,multidisciplinary data sharing and cooperative work with all the people,and reducing the errors appeared in the process of operation and the pressures of activity costs for working more safely and the fruits being delivered more quickly,hereafter to be referred as AA system.As the rise of these two technologies,more and more opportunities are provided for settling the problems of Internet on objects and the publications of large capability storage.Information interconnection between objects can be realized under a specific environment through a variety of wireless,wires and satellites by Internet of Things technology on the basis of intelligent sensors of equipment.At the same time,some other services are also able to be showed through security network mechanism,for example:online real time monitoring,early warning,alarm,remote control,decision support and so on.Now business data collected by equipment is increasing rapidly in the form of geometric progression and the numbers of this data are produced more than at lease 100G per day.Some traditional database technologies could have not satisfied its performance and storage requirements because of its increases.However its reliability,concurrency and availability are able to be highly enhanced through the rise of big data technology and it also can guide the staff to work immediately through the analysis and search to this large volume data.Previous research showed that there still exist some differences for data acquisition equipment and transmission,data storage and some other application systems between all branch companies of the Group.When working at the wellsite we found some problems,for example:data cannot be automatically extracted and has to be input by hand,no-unified collection standards,no-solided data storage and so on.Moreover,the data collected also had to be copied from instruments by workers who finished their tasks in the same day and were then taken back to camp for analysis.So they are not the live ones and could not be shared under more majors as well.For the above problems this project mainly focused on improving operation standard of the site for realizing information comprehensive application and building an remote operation support center for operation optimization and production cooperation through the combination of two kinds of technologies:Internet of things and big data.In conclusion,the final aim of this project is to create an more professional cooperative service platform for data acquisition and application and improve the abilities of integrated services.更多还原