【作者】 王静；

【导师】 李波；

【作者基本信息】 兰州交通大学 ， 道路与铁道工程， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 在甘肃省委、省政府对甘肃省交通建设事业的大力支持下,甘肃省公路建设事业取得了显著的成果。高速公路建设的飞速发展有效缓解了交通运输紧张状况,与此同时,随着交通量的增长,高速公路局部路段出现车辙、龟裂等病害,严重威胁了行车安全,降低了高速公路的服务水平。传统依赖经验以及半经验的养护决策造成了养护资金严重浪费,路面破损加剧。因此需要建立一个高效的高速公路沥青路面养护决策系统,有效的减少养护资金的浪费,提高路面的使用性能。本文以甘肃省高速公路沥青路面为依托,对高速公路沥青路面使用性能评价、预测及决策技术进行研究,主要研究内容及成果有:结合甘肃省高速公路建设概况和已有的分区研究,将甘肃省高速公路网划分为四个分区,对四个分区高速公路沥青路面主导损害类型进行了统计分析,统计分析结果表明:I区、II区主导损害类型为修补和车辙,II区修补病害较I区轻微,但是裂缝类病害较I区严重;III区主导损害类型为裂缝类病害和车辙,IV区主导损害类型为裂缝类病害,III区裂缝类病害以横向裂缝和纵向裂缝为主,IV区裂缝类病害以纵向裂缝为主。运用主成分-聚类分析法对养护路段划分进行了研究。针对PCI作为养护路段划分指标的缺陷,本文在养护路段划分时选择沥青路面10种病害和车辙破损指数(RDI)、行驶质量指数(RQI)、抗滑性能指数(SRI)作为划分指标,运用主成分-聚类分析法对养护路段进行了划分,结果表明:主成分-聚类方法能够将路况特征一致的路段划分为一类,并且类与类之间有较大的差异。通过主成分-聚类分析法对路况变量进行降维处理,不会影响路面养护中路段的划分和路面状况等级评定,并且信息冗余度可以达到最小化,路段划分结果科学合理。研究了基于灰色TOPSIS法的高速公路沥青路面使用性能评价方法,建立了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面使用性能评价指标体系和使用性能评价标准,然后运用博弈法确定了甘肃省四个路网分区路面使用性能各分项指标权重,在此基础上运用灰色TOPSIS法对路面使用性能进行了评价,结果表明:由博弈法确定的综合权重是对主观权重和客观权重的综合反映,不仅能充分的考虑专家主观权重(即规范中的权重),又能充分的体现路段的主导损害类型,给出的综合权重科学合理,有利于提高灰色-TOPSIS法用于路面使用性能综合评价的准确度;基于灰色TOPSIS法进行路面使用性能综合评价,评价结果较规范中综合评价结果更为准确,更加有利于养护决策指导。建立了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面使用性能衰变模型。结合路况调查情况,考虑各地气候因素以及养护水平有较大差异,以划分的甘肃省高速公路沥青路面路网区域为单位,各区域选择典型路段建立了沥青路面使用性能衰变模型。确定PCI和RDI作为预测指标,分区建立了路况衰减模型。并将2017年路面检测数据与2017年预测数据进行对比,结果表明:PCI、RDI预测模型预测误差平均为4%,预测结果较为可靠。研究了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面养护决策方法。针对甘肃省高速公路路况以及养护管理现状,确定甘肃省高速公路沥青路面养护期望水平。通过对目前甘肃省高速公路沥青路面常用大中修及预防性养护措施的调研,结合各类养护措施的适用条件、养护资金状况以及路面状况组合情况,建立了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面养护对策选择决策树。并基于效益-费用分析法,确定了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面最佳养护时机,并对I区、IV区典型路段确定了最佳养护时机和养护费用。基于本文路面使用性能评价、预测以及养护决策研究成果开发了甘肃省高速公路沥青路面养护决策系统。该系统可以实现甘肃省任一条高速公路沥青路面的养护决策,并最终生成指定路段的养护决策报告,供养护管理部门养护决策使用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Under the strong support of the provincial Party committee and the provincial government for the transportation construction in Gansu Province.The road construction has achieved remarkable results in Gansu Province.The rapid development of highway construction has effectively relieved the tension in transportation.At the same time,with the increase of traffic volume.Rutting,cracking and other diseases of the road have appeared on some sections of the highway,which seriously threaten traffic safety and reduce the service level of highway.Traditionally relying experience and semi-empirical conservation decisions resulted in serious wastage of conservation funds and increased road damage.Therefore,to effectively reduce the wastage of maintenance funds and improve the performance of the pavement,an efficient highway asphalt pavement maintenance decision system needs to be established.Based on the highway asphalt pavement in Gansu Province,this paper studied the performance evaluation,prediction and decision-making techniques of highway asphalt pavement.The main research results as follows:Combined with the general conditions of highway construction in Gansu Province and the existing zoning studies,the highway network in Gansu Province was divided into four sub-zones.Statistical analysis was performed on the types of leading damage of the asphalt pavement in the four sub-district highways.Statistical analysis showed that: The type of leading damage in zone I was repair and rutting;the dominant damage type in Area II was repair,rutting and cracking;the dominant damage type in Area III was transverse cracks;the dominant damage type in Area IV was longitudinal cracksThe main component-cluster analysis method was used to study the segmentation of the maintenance section.As for the defect of PCI as an indicator for the segmentation of maintenance sections,the paper selected 10 diseases of asphalt pavement,rutting damage index(RDI),driving quality index(RQI),and skid resistance index(SRI)as indicators for dividing road sections.The main component-cluster analysis method is used to divide the maintenance section.The results show that the principal component-clustering method can classify the road which has the same road conditions into one category sections,and there is a large difference between the different categories.Using the principal component analysis method to reduce the dimension of the road condition will not affect the road section segmentation and the evaluation of pavement condition grade.In addition,the redundancy of information can be minimized,and the road segmentation result is more scientific and reasonable.The method of evaluating the performance of highway asphalt pavement based on the grey TOPSIS method was studied.the performance evaluation index system and performance evaluation standard of highway asphalt pavement in Gansu Province were established,and then the weights of the sub-indexes of the road performance for the four road network sections in Gansu Province was determined by game method.Based on that,the gray TOPSIS method was used to evaluate the pavement performance.The results show that the comprehensive weights determined by the game method are comprehensive reflection of subjective weight and objective weight.It can not only fully consider the subjective weight of the experts(ie,the weights in the specification),but also fully reflect the dominant damage types of the road sections.The comprehensive weights are scientific and reasonable,which helps to improve the accuracy of gray-TOPSIS method for comprehensive evaluation of pavement performance;the evaluation result that based on the gray TOPSIS method is more accurate than the comprehensive evaluation results in the specification,and it is more conducive to the decision-making guidance for maintenance.Road performance deterioration model for Gansu Province was established.Integrating with highway condition investigation and taking into account the differences in climatic factors and maintenance levels in different regions,the road network partition in Gansu Province was used as the unit,selecting a typical road section in each area established a decay model for the performance of asphalt pavement.PCI and RDI are determinied as predictions;the road deterioration model is established for each region.Pavement detection data 0f 2017 is compared with the forecast data.The results show that the prediction errors of the PCI and RDI forecast models is average 4%,and the prediction results are more reliable.The decision method of asphalt pavement maintenance for Gansu expressway is studied.According to the highway condition and the current situation of maintenance and management of Gansu province,the expectation level of highway asphalt pavement maintenance in Gansu province is determined.Through the investigation of commonly used large and medium repairs and preventive maintenance measures for expressway asphalt pavement in Gansu Province,combined with the applicable conditions of various types of conservation measures,the status of maintenance funds and the combination of road surface conditions,Decision tree of the selection of highway asphalt pavement maintenance measures in Gansu Province was established.Based on the benefit-cost analysis method,the optimal timing of asphalt pavement maintenance in Gansu Province was determined.The optimal conservation time and maintenance costs were determined for the typical sections in Zone I and Zone IV.Based on the research of performance evaluation,prediction and maintenance decision in this paper,a decision-making system of highway maintenance for Gansu Province was developed.The system are realized the maintenance’s decision of any expressway in Gansu Province,and finally generated a maintained decision’s report for the designated road section,which can be used by the conservation management department for maintenance decision-making.更多还原