【作者】 赵晨；

【导师】 苏俊波；

【作者基本信息】 华中师范大学 ， 汉语言文字学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 “得”在应城方言中的使用广泛且普及度很高,但前人并未做过与其相关的研究。本文以应城方言中的“得”字为考察对象,利用实地调查所收集到的语料,对应城方言中“得”字的用法进行了描写、分类,重点描写了“得”字与“得”字入句句式,进而全面展现了“得”在应城方言中的运用。全文主要包括以下几个部分:第一章,绪论。介绍了应城和应城方言的概况,并概述了应城方言、汉语“得”字的研究现状,最后简要介绍了本文的研究目标、意义和方法,并对应城方言的语音系统进行了梳理。第二章,应城方言“得”字用法考察。本章主要概括了应城话中“得”字的用法,“得”字在应城方言中主要有动词、助动词、介词、助词和构词成分等五大类用法。“得”作动词时,表“得到”或“需要”；作助动词时,分为两类:表“应该、必须”和表“可能”;作介词时,用来引出所关系的对象,起标记作用;作结构助词时,主要用于中心语和补语的关系中;作时态助词时,表动作的完成或状态的持续。第三章,应城方言“得”字用法的演变途径。简要概述了“得”在古代汉语中从表示一个具体的动作,到表示动作的完成或结果,再到完全虚化成补语标记的由实到虚的过程。由此发现应城方言中“得”的这些用法实际上是汉语中“得”的历时演变在共时平面上的投射。主要分为三条路径:1.助动词“得”的来源及演变;2.介词“得”的来源及演变;3.助词“得”的来源及演变。第四章,应城方言中的“得”字入句考察。介绍了几种比较有特色的“得”字入句句式,即“得”字正反问句、双宾句、比较句,并分别对它们进行了分析。第五章,应城方言由“得”构成的相关结构。对经常与“得”一起连用的方言结构进行了简要分析。第六章,结语。对本文的基本观点进行了总结,并分析了本文存在的不足之处,对本文的研究做了进一步的展望。更多还原

【Abstract】 Chinese word "De" has been widely used and has high popularity in Yingcheng dialect.But there was hardly research about it previously.This dissertation takes "De" in Yingcheng dialect as the object,using the data collected from the field investigation to describe and classify the usage of "De".The main attention is attached to discussing the word "De" and the sentence pattern contained.With the study above,the application of"De" can be fully showed.This dissertation can be divided in the following parts:Chapter 1,Introduction.In this partthe general situation of Yingcheng and the phonetic system of Yingcheng dialect are briefly discussed.And also the theory background,material resources,and the main ides and researching significance of this dissertation are introduced.Chapter 2 is about the use of "De" in Yingcheng dialect.This part mainly summarizes the use of word "De",and there are five main types of "De" in Yingcheng dialect,including verb,auxiliary word,preposition,auxiliary and formative.As a verb,the word "De" means "gets" or "needs";As an auxiliary word,it is divided into two categories:"must"and "the possibility";As a preposition,it is used to draw out the object of the relationship and play a role of marking;As a structural auxiliary,it is mainly used in the relationship between the center word and the complements;As a tense auxiliary,it is used to show the completion of an action or the duration of a state.Chapter 3 is about the evolution of word "De".A brief overview of its development process in ancient Chinese is briefly presented,it transforms from a specific action,to the completion or result of the action,and then to a mark of complement.It is found that the use of "De" in Yingcheng dialect is actually a projection of the diachronic evolution of"De" in the Chinese synchronic plane.And the origin and evolution of word "De" can be divided into three paths:1.The origin and evolution of "De" as a auxiliary word;2.the origin and evolution of "De" as a preposition;3.the origin and evolution of "De" as an auxiliary.Chapter 4 is about the sentence contained "De" in Yingcheng dialect.This part introduces several distinctive sentence patterns of "De",including positive-negative rhetorical questions,double object sentence and comparative sentence which contain the word "De".Chapter 5 is about the related structure of "De" in Yingcheng dialect.This part mainly analyses these dialect structures which are often used together with "De".Chapter 6 is the conclusion.This part summarizes the basic viewpoints of this dissertationr,analyzes the shortcomings of this paper,and makes further prospects for the research.更多还原