【作者】 王琦；

【导师】 李继民； 徐跃刚；

【作者基本信息】 山东建筑大学 ， 翻译硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 本篇翻译实践报告的源文本节选自《公元前1177年—文明覆灭之年》(1177 B.C.:The Year Civilization Collapsed)第五章,作者是埃里克·H·克莱恩,出版发行于2014年。本翻译报告以尤金·奈达的功能对等理论为指导,追求译文对读者产生的影响,并且强调译文读者对译文的反应要与原文读者对原文的反应基本一致。在翻译过程中,笔者着眼于原文的深层内涵并把握其主旨,在达到内容对等的同时,尽可能在形式上也做到对等,当内容对等与形式对等不能兼具时,笔者优先考虑内容上的对等。同时,根据奈达所强调的,笔者在翻译过程中,尽量用最恰当、自然和对等的语言再现原文的信息,从语义到文体,从表层词汇信息到深层的文化信息。由于《公元前1177年—文明覆灭之年》一书属于考古学范畴,书中涉及大量的人名、地名和国家名。为了忠实于原文内容,笔者在查询资料后主要采用了音译和加注的方式来处理这些难题。音译有助于保留外国人名、地名和国家名的独特之处;加注则对译文读者不熟悉或者不了解的陌生内容作了补充说明,有助于译文读者更好地理解源文本中的信息。根据尤金·奈达的功能对等理论,笔者在分析了英汉两种语言在句子结构、语言表达、语态和逻辑思维等方面的差异后,在翻译时主要采用了直译、意译、增译、拆分以及加注的翻译技巧,力求忠实于原文,用符合汉语思维和表达习惯的语言呈现出自然顺畅的译文,并结合具体实例对各个技巧进行了分析。笔者总结了在整个翻译实践过程中所获得的经验与教训,意识到前期准备、研读原文、校对和语言功底对翻译的重要性,并且针对翻译过程中仍待解决的问题做了总结与思考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The source-text of the translation report is excerpted from the fifth chapter of1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed which was authored by Eric H.Klein and published in 2014.This translation report is guided by the functional equivalence theory of Eugene Nida,which pursues the impact of translation on readers and emphasizes that the response of target readers to the version should be basically the same as the response of source-text readers to the original.In the process of translation,the translator looks at the deeper connotation of the source-text and grasps its main purpose.When equivalence in content is achieved,the translator also tries to achieve equivalence in form as much as possible.When equivalence in content and equivalence in form cannot be combined at the same time,the translator gives priority to equivalence in content.According to Nida,the translator tries to use the most appropriate,natural,and equivalent language to reproduce the original information,from semantics to style and from surface vocabulary information to deep cultural information.1177 B.C.: The Year Civilization Collapsed is a book that belongs to the category of archeology so the book involves a great number of names of people,geographical names and country names.In order to be faithful to the original,the translator mainly uses transliteration and annotation to deal with these problems after searching for the data.Transliteration helps to preserve the unique features of names of people,places and countries;annotation supplement the unfamiliar content for the target readers and helps target readers to better understand the information of the source text.According to Eugene Nida’s functional equivalence theory,after analyzing the differences in sentence structure,language expression,voice and logical thinking between English and Chinese languages,the translator mainly uses the translation methods of literal translation,free translation,addition,division and annotation,and then analyzes each skill with specific examples.The translator strives to be faithful tothe original text and to present natural and smooth versions in a language that conforms to the Chinese thinking and expression habits.The translator summarizes the experience and lessons learned from the entire process of translation,and realizes the importance of preparatory,reading up,proofreading,and language foundations for translation.Then,the translator makes a summary and reflection on the issues still to be solved in the translation process.更多还原