【作者】 陈平；

【导师】 柳肃；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 建筑历史与理论， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 祠庙建筑是中国传统文化中的一个重要类别,不仅数量和种类众多,而且广泛参与各个层级之中,从皇权到地方政府,再到民间百姓的生活都与祠庙文化息息相关。而这种承载祠庙文化的祠庙建筑目前却没有引起学界的重视,对祠庙建筑的定义和分类都还有许多不明确之处,更不要说对其组群布局、功能空间、装饰艺术等建筑类型学的基本规律的研究都处于比较混乱的状态。本文以此为契机,以长沙祠庙建筑为研究对象,依托地方志、碑刻、历史文献和照片以及大量的实地调研,对祠庙建筑定义与分类、分布与选址、功能与空间、装饰与艺术等方面有一个较为系统的认知,希望更全面的了解祠庙建筑背后的建筑规律。首先通过对国内外文献综述研究及实地调研考察,明确祠庙建筑的定义以及相关概念,总结出祠庙建筑的起源、类型和目的,将其与宗教建筑、会馆祠堂进行比较分析,较为全面的阐述祠庙建筑的内涵。其次通过地方志、老地图等历史资料,按照嘉靖、乾隆、光绪对长沙祠庙建筑进行分布和选址研究。通过图表分析的方式,总结归纳处不同类型、不同地区的祠庙建筑的分布特点和选址规律。再次从功能与平面、立面与装饰、构造特点三个角度,通过整理和分析大量的一手长沙祠庙建筑资料,试图以建筑类型学的方法总结出长沙祠庙建筑背后独特的建筑规律。最后通过分析长沙祠庙建筑遗存现状的情况,以及从历史价值、艺术价值、科学价值进行价值评估,提出祠庙建筑的保护建议,最终达到建筑延续的目标。研究过程中可以发现长沙祠庙建筑的历史文化、分布选址、建筑形式、装饰艺术等都有独特的长沙地方特色。希望这份独特的建筑文化能有更多人关注,能更科学的保存,继续彰显长沙祠庙文化的独特魅力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Being one of the most essential Architecture categories in Chinese traditional culture,ritual architecture not only varies in kinds but also abounds in number.It permeates every class of Chinese society from the upper class—The royal family—to the regional government,which also plays a very crucial role in the daily life of the ordinary citizens.However,it is a shame that the community didn’t attach much importance to the precious heritage of our culture——The ritual architecture.Even the defining and the classifying of Ritual architecture remain uncertain,so does the fundamental rules of building typology such as the layout,space design and decoration.For the reasons above,the paper studied the Ritual architecture of Changsha city.Depending on the local chronicle,inscription and historical document and a lot of filed research,I got a systematic grasp of the definition and classification distribution and location,function and space,as well as decoration and art of Ritual architecture,by doing so,I hope that I can get a more comprehensive understanding of t he rules behind it.First,by researching the domestic and international documents,and then clarifying the definition and conception of ritual architecture,I found out the origin,type and purpose of it.Second,relying on digging the historical document including the local chronicle and old map,I classified the Ritual architecture of Changsha by time line from JiaJin to QianLong and then to GuangXu,especially by the distribution and location in those times.Through the graph analysis,I found out the distribution and siting rules of different types of the ritual architecture in different region.Third,based on three distinctive views of function and layout,elevation and decoration,as well as tectonic features,and resorting a body of first-hand documents about the ritual architecture of Changsha,I used the theory of building typology,by which I found out the distinctive characteristics of Changsha’s ritual architecture.Finally,through the analysis of the present situation of the remains of the ritual architecture of Changsha,and the assessment of the historical value,artistic value and scientific value,the protection proposal of the ritual architecture is put forward,and eventually the goal of the continuity of the building is achieved.In the course of the study,we can find that the historical culture,site selection,architectural form and decorative art of Changsha ritual architecture have unique local characteristics.I wish this unique architectural culture will get more attention from the people,be more scientifically persevered,and continue to thrive the distinctive charm of the culture of Changsha’s ritual architecture.更多还原