【作者】 王超；

【导师】 陈振乾； 葛仕福； 唐超权；

【作者基本信息】 东南大学 ， 动力工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 随着公共建筑数量的不断增加,其能源消耗过高的现象越来越严重,因此减少公共建筑运行过程中能源消耗就显得尤为重要。BIM技术基于建筑工程项目的各相关参数,采用数字信息化仿真建立建筑信息模型,是建筑能耗分析与节能管理的技术手段之一。本文采用BIM技术对某一典型公共建筑能耗进行分析,并对其节能优化运行进行了研究。论文以某宾馆建筑为研究对象,通过BIM技术建立建筑能耗模型。利用SketchUp软件对目标建筑进行建模,并通过OpenStudio软件对模型进行建筑信息赋予,建立了包括水源热泵机组、输配水系统、风系统、空气处理末端的空调系统能耗模型以及建筑照明能耗模型,并对其运行能耗进行模拟研究,分析了其能耗特性。搭建了对目标建筑中空调系统、照明、动力等能耗进行分项计量的能源管理平台,对实际运行中各分项能耗数据进行在线监测,得到了目标建筑实际运行的能耗,并对实际各分项能耗进行了分析与评价。通过对比模拟结果与实测数据,调整建筑在实际负荷率条件下的能耗模型并进行能耗模拟研究。将调整模型后的模拟结果与在线监测能耗数据对比,发现该宾馆建筑在空调运行上存在冷冻水出水温度设置不合理、冷冻水供水和回水温差小、机组运行COP偏低、客房末端湿度偏大、部分新风量偏低及照明系统未充分利用自然采光等问题。为解决以上运行中的问题,建立了以运行费用以及人员舒适度PMV作为判断指标的目标函数,通过DAKOTA与EnergyPlus相结合的集成运算,采用进化算法,得出最优的冷冻水出水温度时间表。优化结果表明:系统运行能耗与费用都相应减少,人体的舒适度改善后能满足人体舒适要求,优化运行后制冷机组平均COP提高了 0.12。同时,通过模拟与优化分析,在保证满足光照要求的条件下,充分利用自然采光,降低照明用电费用。论文研究成果可为公共建筑节能运营提供指导。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the increase of numbers of public buildings,the phenomena of the unreasonable energy consumption become more and more serious.Therefore,it is of great significance to reduce inappropriate energy consumption in running management.Based on the relevant parameters of the construction project,Building Information Modeling(BIM)technology uses digital simulation to establish a building information model,which is one of the effective technical methods on energy consumption and energy conservation management.In this work,BIM technology was used to analyze the energy consumption of a certain public building and undertake research on the corresponding optimization of energy conservation.A large-scale hotel was taken as the research object and the building energy consumption model was built by BIM technology in this paper.A model of the target building was established using the SketchUp software.Secondly,the building information was input into the model for further simulation analysis by OpenStudio software.Thus,the energy consumption model of air-conditioning system including information of the water source heat pump unit,the chilled water and cooling water system,the supply air,return air and outdoor air system,air handling units,as well as the architectural lighting energy consumption model was established for simulation of running consumption and analysis of energy consumption.The on-site data of air-conditioning system,lighting,power in the target building were measured based on the established energy management platform in real running process for analysis and evaluation.With the comparison of simulated results and on-site experimental data,the building energy consumption model with a real running load rate was adjusted for simulation analysis of energy consumption.With the comparison of the adjusted simulated results and the measured data,it was shown that there are a few problems in running process,as air-conditioning:the unreasonable setting temperature of the chilled water,the small temperature difference between the supply and return of chilled water,the low COP of unit,the high humidity and partial low fresh air volume for guestroom and the underutilization of natural lighting in lighting system.In order to solve these problems,the objective function which combining the running cost with personal comfort PMV as the judgment index was established.The optimal chilled water temperature schedule was obtained by using the integration of DAKOTA with EnergyPlus and the evolutionary algorithm.The energy conservation running optimization results indicated that energy consumption and running cost in the air-conditioning system were reduced correspondingly.The personal comfort was improved to meet the demand of people’s comfort,and the COP of chillers increases by 0.12 compared with un-optimized running process in air conditioning system.By simulation and optimization analysis,the natural lighting can be fully utilized to reduce the cost of lighting electricity under the satisfaction of light requirements.The research results will provide guidance for the energy conservation running in the public buildings.更多还原