【作者】 邓颖；

【导师】 蒋海松；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 法律硕士（法学）（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 根据我国刑法主流学说观点,集资诈骗罪中行为人的定罪量刑主要根据其构成要件进行确定,作为酌定量刑情节的被害人过错在该罪的司法审判中一直呈现缺位状态。但由于集资诈骗罪发生在金融交易领域,被害人往往带有一定的市场投机性,对损害结果的发生也具有一定的促进作用。在集资诈骗罪中,被害人的行为能否被刑法评价,是否影响对行为人定罪量刑,是需要仔细斟酌的问题。对被害人过错的刑法评价并非意欲对已受财产损失的被害人给予二次谴责,而是从被害人视角出发探讨行为人责任认定的问题。通过对刑法学中被害人过错构成要件以及被害人谨慎义务的研究,结合集资诈骗罪中被害人具体行为模式对其是否存在被害人过错进行综合分析,在被害人具有对风险识别的能力却出于投机心理处分财物,未尽到相应的谨慎义务,在客观上与行为人共同推动了犯罪结果的发生,应认定为具有被害人过错。通过分析传统被害人过错理论与被害人教义学、被害人自陷风险等新兴被害人过错学说的性质与适用范围,可得出集资诈骗罪中的被害人过错具有一定的学理基础。虽然无法完全契合传统理论,但被害人教义学等新理论提供了可行的适用路径——被害人教义学中对于诈骗罪中被害人主观认识的分析对于集资诈骗罪的被害人过错具有借鉴意义。从理论、现实多角度论述集资诈骗罪被害人过错的刑法意义后,如何将之运用司法实践是本文研究的重要问题。参照我国已有的被害人过错情节的适用,设立被害人过错的分级量刑模式。根据行为人诈骗行为与被害人谨慎能力对比,将被害人过错分为三个过错等级:轻微过错、一般过错与重大过错。过错程度越高则行为人减刑幅度越大。被害人过错减刑制度的设立有利于对集资诈骗行为人实施宽严相济的刑事惩罚,科学引导民间集资的合理走向。更多还原

【Abstract】 According to the prevailing view of our country criminal jurists,the main criterions for the conviction of the conductors in the Crime of Fund-raising fraud determined by its constitutive requirements,as a discretionary sentencing plot the victim’s fault in absence has been present in the practice of justice.However,as the crime of fund-raising fraud occurs in the field of financial transactions,victims often have certain market speculation,which also has certain promotion effect on the occurrence of damage results.Whether the victim’s behavior can be evaluated by the criminal law,whether it affects the conviction and sentencing of the perpetrator,is a question that needs careful consideration In the crime of fund-raising fraud.The criminal evaluation of the victim’s fault is not intended to give second condemnation to the victim who has suffered property loss,but to probe into the problem of the perpetrator’s liability from the victim’s perspective.In the ctiminal law of victim’s fault constitutive requirements and the obligation of the victim careful study,combined with the victim in the crime of fraud of the fund-raising specific behavior patterns to comprehensive analysis of the presence of the victim’s fault,the victim has the ability of risk identification of speculative mental disposition of property,not fulfill the duty corresponding carefully,objectively driven by the occurrence of criminal results with conductors,shall be deemed to be a victim’s fault.Analyzing the applicable scope of the traditional theory of the victim’s fault and the emerging doctrine like The Victim dogmatic,Victim self trapping risk,the fault can be concluded that the victim in fund-raising fraud has a certain theoretical basis.Although cannot fit into the traditional theory,but the new theory provides a feasible path-the Victim dogmatics for the victim in the crime of fraud of the subjective understanding of analysis,it has reference significance for fund-raising fraud victims fault.After discussing the criminal law significance of the victim’s fault of fund-raising fraud from theoretical and practical perspectives,how to apply it to judicial practice is an important issue in this paper.With reference to the application of the existing victim’s fault institutions in China,a graded sentencing model for the victims’ faults is set up.According to the comparison between the perpetrator’s fraud behavior and the victim’s prudent ability,the victim’s fault is divided into three fault levels:minor fault,general fault and major fault.The higher the degree of fault,the greater the reduction of punishment.The establishment of the victim’s fault commutation system is conducived to the implementation of the criminal punishment of leniency and severity for the fraud perpetrator of fund-raising fraud,and the scientific guidance of the reasonable direction of folk fund-raising.更多还原