【作者】 张健；

【导师】 唐洪流；

【作者基本信息】 厦门大学 ， 建筑设计及其理论， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 阳台,方寸空间,作为住宅的附属构件而存在,在住宅设计中一直以来没有引起足够的重视,阳台相对于住宅主体功能房间,设计理念滞后许多,阳台存在的问题和居民的需求一直得不到很好的解决。滨海高层住宅观景阳台是室内外过渡空间,是高层居民接触自然环境、进行休闲活动最好的载体与平台,滨海观景阳台的本质是人的心灵场所、城市精神文化的展示窗口;设计滨海观景阳台其实是设计使用者、滨海环境、住宅三者的关系;滨海观景阳台设计应该立足滨海特有的物质气候环境和文化氛围,强化居住需求、功能活动的研究,不要过多的强调阳台的形体、造型而忽视观景阳台对心理、精神、文化的影响,把观景阳台的设计变成炫耀个人能力,满足创作欲望的手段,忽视了观景阳台设计的有机性、系统性以及居民的主体地位;应该了解居民心目中对观景阳台的期望与需求,强调使用者的能动性,激发居民对阳台生活的参与度,强调居民对观景阳台的适应、调整、创造作用。因此观景阳台的创新设计对于滨海居住体验的提升至关重要。笔者通过大量的文献梳理、实地调研和问卷分析,指出目前滨海高层住宅阳台存在的现实问题以及滨海阳台的需求层次和结构的转变,明确了滨海观景阳台的内涵与本质,滨海观景阳台与普通生活阳台的差异;笔者以国内居民对住宅需求层次和结构转变为切入点,立足滨海地区特殊的地理气候环境和文化环境,以马斯洛需求层次理论为基础,深入分析滨海观景阳台的物质与心理环境、社会文化环境以及个人环境,然后在此基础上,分析了滨海观景阳台与居住需求的关系、滨海居民对观景阳台的基本生理需求、生态节能需求以及休闲娱乐需求;最后分别从呼应滨海气候环境、优化阳台观景、扩大尺度与功能分离、界面消解与空间跳跃、强化认同与归属、共享阳台与自我实现六个角度归纳了滨海观景阳台的设计手法。本文希望能够在前人的基础上做进一步的补充,让阳台系统的研究更加充实,从物质、形式层面上升到环境、需求、文化、精神层面,提升一个高度,以求抛砖引玉,为国内滨海地区观景阳台的设计与实践提供一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 The balcony,a square inch of space,which exists as the affiliated member of residential buildings has not attracted enough attention in design.Compared to the main function room,the design of balcony has lagged behind much,the balcony problems and the needs of residents have not been well resolved.Coastal high-rise residential viewing balcony is an indoor and outdoor transition space,and it is the best carrier and platform for the residents to contact with the natural environment and the leisure activities;the essence of the coastal viewing balcony is the display of the human mind and the spirit and culture of the city;The design of the coastal viewing balcony is actually the design of the relationship between the user,the coastal environment and the residence;The design of the coastal viewing balcony should be based on coastal unique material climate environment and cultural atmosphere,and strengthen the research on the residential demand and the behavior of the residents,not too much emphasis on the balcony of the body,the shape of the balcony and overlook the psychological,spiritual and cultural impact;The design of the balcony can not become a means to show off personal ability and satisfy the desire of individual creation.We can not ignore the organic and systematic design of the balcony and the main position of the residents,residents should be aware of the expectations of the viewing balcony,emphasizing the user’s initiative to stimulate the participation of residents living on the balcony,we should emphasize the adaptation,adjustment and creation of the residents on the balcony.Therefore,the innovative design of the viewing balcony is essential to enhance the living experience of the coastal.Through the analysis of a large number of literature review,field investigation and questionnaire,the author points out the existing problems of coastal high-rise residential balcony as well as changes in demand level and structure of the coastal ter viewing balcony.In addition,the author defines the connotation and essence of the coastal viewing balcony,and clarified the difference between the coastal viewing balcony and the ordinary living balcony.Then,the author takes domestic residents’ demand for housing and structural change as the breakthrough point,based on the coastal area special geographical climate,cultural environment and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory.And then take that as the basis,the author analyzes the relationship between balcony and demand,coastal residents’ basic physiological and psychological needs,ecological energy demand and leisure and entertainment needs.Finally,the author summarizes the design methods of coastal viewing balcony from 5 angles:Echoing the coastal climate environment and optimizing the balcony viewing,expanding the separation of scale and function,interface digestion and space jumping,strengthening identity and ownership,sharing balcony and self actualization.In this paper,we hope to be able to further complement on the basis of previous studies,so that the balcony of the system can be more substantial.The design of the balcony can be improved from the material and formal level to the environment,demand,culture and spirit level.the author hopes to start a discussion,offer some suggestions for the design and practice of the domestic coastal area of the balcony.更多还原