【作者】 周明；

【导师】 徐幼民；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 理论经济学， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 1973年现代意义上的手机诞生,1984年世界上第一部手机正式上市,此后手机产业开始萌芽并缓慢发展。随着第二代移动通信标准(2G)的普及以及不断涌现的技术创新,手机产业进入快速发展阶段。2007年苹果iPhone智能手机的出现是手机产业发展中一个重要的转折点。此后智能手机产业开始得到了快速发展。智能手机不仅变革了整个手机产业,还对媒体、交通等众多行业产生了深刻影响。在这场变革中,苹果公司取得了成功,诺基亚却迅速衰落。经过几年的快速发展后,智能手机产业也出现了众多企业市场绩效即利润率下滑现象。通过运用创新经济学、博弈理论、案例研究和描述性统计分析等方法,本文研究技术创新对手机产业发展和手机企业市场绩效的影响。从手机产业的发展过程来看,技术创新直接推动手机产业的发展壮大,推动手机产业由功能手机过渡到智能手机。从对手机企业的市场绩效的影响来看,得到如下结论:(1)在智能手机厂商成本函数相同的情况下,智能手机的差异化程度越大,则智能手机厂商的均衡价格、均衡利润和均衡利润率就越大。且在差异化程度已较大的双寡头市场或者厂商数量不小于3个的市场中,智能手机差异化程度越大,则智能手机厂商的均衡产量也越高。厂商数量的增加将导致智能手机厂商的均衡价格、均衡产量、均衡利润和均衡利润率都下降,且下降的幅度与智能手机的差异化程度有关;(2)iPhone手机对苹果公司市场绩效的巨大促进作用在于第一代iPhone手机是一个的成功的全新产品创新以及iPhone手机上持续的改进型产品创新所带来的产品差异化、硬件性能改善和软件应用不断更新。而诺基亚手机业务糟糕的市场绩效在于功能机产业中产品创新缺乏带来的同质化价格竞争,智能手机产业的技术创新导致的功能手机市场不断萎缩,以及诺基亚在智能手机上的研发投入和专利注册数相对不足;(3)在智能手机产业初期,由于频繁的产品创新、较大的创新空间、各智能手机厂商之间较大的技术能力差距,市场上智能手机的差异化程度呈增加趋势,相应地厂商利润率也呈现上升趋势,但随着智能手机产业逐渐成熟、厂商之间的技术能力差距缩小、产品创新空间缩小和难度增大,市场上智能手机的差异化程度会不断缩小,厂商利润率会相应不断下降。要促进手机产业的进一步发展和提高手机企业的市场绩效,应该加强智能手机在硬件和软件上的创新并准确把握手机产业的未来市场竞争态势。更多还原

【Abstract】 The mobile phone was invented in 1973 and the first mobile phone in the world was sold in 1984.Since then the mobile industry began to slowly develop.As the second generation mobile communication standard(2G)was widely adopted and the related technological innovation constantly emerged the mobile phone industry entered a rapid development period.In 2007 the introduction of Apple’s iPhone is an important turning point in mobile phone industry.After that the smartphone industry began to get rapid development.Smartphone not only changed the whole mobile phone industry,but also had a profound impact on the media,transportation,and many other industries.During the revolution brought by smartphone,Apple Inc obtained success while Nokia failed rapidly.Meanwhile,there emerged one phenomenon that the market performance(namely profit rate)of many smartphone manufacturers declined after the smartphone industry experienced several years’ rapid development.By using the knowledge of innovation economics&game theory and the methods of case study&descriptive statistics analysis,the paper analyzes the influence of technological innovation over the development of mobile phone industry and the market performance of mobile phone enterprises.As for mobile phone industry,technological innovation plays an important role in its development,boosting the development of feature phone and also making smartphone gradually replace feature phone.As for mobile phone enterprises,some conclusions are made as follows:(1)Under the condition that smartphone manufacturers have the same cost function,the greater the degree of differentiation of smartphone brought by the differentiated technological innovation,the higher the equilibrium price,equilibrium profit and profit rate.The increasing number of manufacturers will result in the decline of the equilibrium price,equilibrium output and equilibrium profit,while the degree of reduction is related to the degree of differentiation of smartphone;(2)That iPhone has a great positive effect on the market performance of Apple Inc is because iPhone 2G is a new product innovation,and Apple Inc continuously improves hardware performance and updates software applications of iPhone,which makes iPhone different from other smartphones.On the contrary,the bad market performance of Nokia is attributed to homogenous price competition caused by the lack of product innovation in feature phone,to the market shrinking of feature phone brought by technological innovation of smartphone,and to the relative insufficiency of Nokia’s R&D and patent in smartphone;(3)At the beginning of the smartphone industry,because of frequent product innovation,a big innovation space and the large gap between smartphone manufacturers’ technological capability,the degree of differentiation of smartphone increases and manufacturers’ profit margin rises accordingly.As smartphone industry gradually matures,the technological gap of manufacturers reduces and product innovation space narrows,the degree of differentiation of smartphone falls and thus manufacturers’s profit margins decline.To promote the development of mobile phone industry and improve the market performance of mobile phone enterprises,we should strengthen the innovation of smartphone hardware and predict accurately the trend of market competition in mobile phone industry.更多还原