【作者】 王青；

【导师】 丁言仁； 仇蓓玲；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 翻译硕士（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 翻译是将一种语言转换成另外一种语言的活动。从这一常见的定义中可以看出翻译活动重在“转换”。1965年,卡特福德首次提出“转换”这一概念,并在语言学研究的基础上建立了翻译转换理论,使翻译活动走上了更加客观、科学的道路。该翻译评注探索了翻译转换理论在英汉翻译实践中的运用。笔者选择了 一篇较为常见的社科类文本Privacy,A VeryShor,Introduction为翻译素材,主要原因在于该文本侧重知识的有效传播,作者使用的语言不仅通俗易懂,而且较为典型地展示出英汉两种语言间存在的差异,为翻译转换手段的使用提供了可能性。本文在卡特福德的翻译转换理论的指导下,借助译例首先探讨了体现中英文语言差异的具体标识,后在卡氏翻译转换理论的框架下,运用层次转换和范畴转换的手段化解英汉翻译过程中经常遇到的差异问题:过去时态、完成时态、被动语态、数量、肯定意义和否定意义、后置定语和前置定语、名词转换成动词、词组转换成分句等。具体操作时,笔者首先充分理解上下文内容,后对出现的差异进行分析,最后通过转换的具体手段,包括补充词汇、转换语态、转换意义、移动定语位置、改变词性、升级单位等,恰当地化解差异,避免对原文生硬、呆板的翻译,提升译文的质量,将原文信息准确、有效地传递到目的语中。更多还原

【Abstract】 Translation is an activity during which one language is shifted into another.This definition shows that the focus of this activity is shifting.In 1965,J.C.Catford first put forward the concept of shift and established the translation shift theory on the basis of linguistic studies.After that,a more objective and scientific approach in translation studies came into play.This commentary explores the application of translation shift theory to English-Chinese translation.The translation of a common text of social sciences,Privacy,A Very Short Introduction,has been chosen as the subject of study for the book communicates knowledge effectively.Although this book is written in popular language which,however,typically displays differences existing between English and Chinese,it provides possibilities for the application of translation shift methods that are going to be discussed.Under the guidance of J.C.Catford’s translation shift theory,this commentary first discusses the characteristic marks that display differences between English and Chinese.Those differences included in or manifested as past tense,perfect tense,passive voice,number,affirmative meaning and negative meaning,postpositive attributive and preposed attributive,the conversion from a noun to a verb,the promotion from a word group to a clause,etc.are then resolved respectively by different shift methods:level shift methods and category shift methods.In actual translation practice,the author has to primarily make full sense of the text and then analyzes the differences she comes across and finally adopts appropriate shift methods to resolve them such as supplementing words or phrases,converting voices and meanings,preposing attributive,changing the part of speech of a word and promoting linguistic unit.By doing that,hard and stiff translation becomes evitable;the quality of translation is improved;the information of the source text will be transferred accurately and effectively into the target language.更多还原