【作者】 张丽；

【导师】 梁梅；

【作者基本信息】 贵州师范大学 ， 学科教学（英语）（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 个性化教学又称为差异化教学,其尺度是人性的尺度,它的内涵是“适合”适合的才是最有效的。它是一种教师以个性化的教学为手段,尊重学生个性,满足每个学生个性化的学习,它必须根据每个不同学生的个性、特长、兴趣、需要进行因材施教,学生完全是一种自主性的学习。初中阶段是青少年打下英语学习的坚实基础,塑造个性的最关键时期,学校教育和家庭教育一样起着至关重要的作用。在初中英语教学中实行个性化学习,更有利于培养学生的创造性和独特性。然而在英语教学一线要做到个性化教学还存在很大的难度,但是这方面的探索已经越来越受到教育研究者和一线英语教师的关注。本研究选取赫章县田坝初级中学九年级的一名学生作为研究对象,他的理科成绩中等偏上,但是英语成绩基本不合格,在考试总分中总是会拖后腿,影响总体成绩的效果。本研究讨论了这个案例,并试图回答以下几个问题:(1)该学生在学习观念和学习方法方面有哪些问题,以及这些问题的根源是什么?(2)教师采取的介入策略是否能够解决学生在学习中的问题,并在一定程度上提高他的学习成绩?(3)在帮助学生解决这些问题之后,个性化学习对他的英语学习观念,学习方法和情感态度是否有积极的影响?本个案研究采用的主要研究工具有开放性访谈、日志、课外辅导、课堂观察、成绩对比。历时16周的研究揭示以下结果:(1)该学生在学习观念和学习方法上存在一定的问题。他缺乏对英语学习的正确理解,不愿意花时间学习英语。他缺乏适合自己的有效学习方法,导致他对英语产生厌恶感。(2)在最近发展区等理论的指导下,根据个性化教学原则,教师提出了一些有针对性的教学策略,在这些教学策略的指导下,该学生的英语学习方法有了一些的改变,在一定程度上帮他解决了学习上的困难,提高了学习的效率。(3)英语的个性化教学给学生的学习观念学习方法和情感态度方面带来了积极的影响,学生学习英语的态度改变了,对自己有了信心,对英语学习的恐惧感在逐步消失。初中学生英语个性化教学的探索对教师自身带来了一定的启示,本研究的结果告诉我们:首先,英语教师要清楚的认识到初中生英语个性化教学的重要性,将其纳入教学过程中加以考虑;其次,教师应注重实践经验的获得与积累,提高教学中因材施教的效果。再次,学校应鼓励教师研究教学中出现的各种有利于学生提高学习效果的探究,为教师有效地开展个性化教学提供条件。论文还指出了本研究存在的不足之处,并对以后的研究提出了建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Individualized teaching is what we call differentiation teaching.Its scale is the scale of human nature and its connotation is suitable.The suitable method is the most effective.The meaning of individualized teaching is that the teaching of teachers’ is personalized,the teacher should respect the student’s individuality and meet the personalized learning of students.Individualized teaching must be based on each student’s personality,interests,special skills,needs and their aptitude.For students,individualized teaching is completely a kind of autonomous learning.Junior high school is the most critical period for students to lay a solid foundation for English learning and to build their character.For students,school education plays the same role as well as family education.The practice of individualized learning in junior high school English teaching is more conductive to cultivating students’ creativity and uniqueness.However,it is still difficult to achieve individualized teaching on the first line of English teaching.The exploration about individualized teaching is increasingly concerned by education researchers and English teachers.This study selected a student in Grade Nine of Tianba Middle School in Hezhang as a study participant.He achieved high scores in science,but his English score was so low that he always lagged behind in the final examination.The study probed into this case and attempted to answer thefollowing questions:(1)What problems does the study participant have with his English learning concepts and learning methods,and what are the causes of the problems?(2)Do the intervening strategies achieve any effects on solving the study participant’s English learning problems and improve his English learning outcomes to certain extent?(3)Does individualized teaching have any positive impact on the participant’s English learning concepts,learning methods and emotional attitudes?This study used the method of case study,with some research instruments,including open interviews,log,extracurricular tutoring,classroom observation,and comparison of learning outcomes,and then a qualitative analysis was made on the data collected.This study lasted 16 weeks and finally came up with the findings as follows: Firstly,the student has some problems with his learning concepts and learning methods.He lacks a correct understanding of English learning.He is unwilling to spend time studying.He can’t find the effective ways to study,which leads to a sense of aversion for English learning.Secondly,under the guidance of the Zone of Proximal Development and other theories,the teacher put forward some teaching strategies according to the individualized teaching principle.After the guidance of these learning strategies,the student has more or less changes in his English learning.These strategies help him solve his learning problems to some extent,and improve his learning effect in some way.Thirdly,after solving theproblems,the individualized teaching has brought positive effects on the student’s learning concepts,learning methods and emotional attitudes toward English learning.He has gained some confidence in himself and his sense of fear has also diminished.This study brings enlightenment to the teachers themselves with some implications.Firstly the English teachers should clearly realize the importance of the individualized teaching in junior middle school and take it into account in their teaching process.Secondly,the teachers should acquire and accumulate practical experience and improve the teaching effects.Thirdly,the school should encourage teachers to study and perform individualized teaching to help students improve their learning effects.The school also should provide necessary conditions for teachers to carry out individualized teaching effectively.This thesis also points out some limitations of this study and puts forward some suggestions for future research.更多还原