【作者】 王明；

【导师】 张海清； 刘爱民；

【作者基本信息】 湖南农业大学 ， 种子科学与技术， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 为探索水稻光温敏核不育系在育性敏感期温度对异交特性的影响。以培矮64S、Y58S、广占63-2S、H638S为材料,在育性敏感期利用人工气候室设计24℃、27℃、30℃、33℃、36℃五个温度连续处理6天,以田间自然温度条件作对照(CK,平均温度29.8℃),研究温度对光温敏核不育系幼穗生理生化特性和抽穗开花期异交特性的影响。获得如下结果:1.4个光温敏核不育系在人工气候室和自然条件下均表现不育,无染色花粉,且典败花粉数目随处理温度的上升呈下降趋势,其中以24℃和27℃处理典败花粉最多,36℃处理典败花粉最少。不育系间对温度敏感性表现差异,Y58S花粉对温度最敏感,以33℃和36℃温度处理变成无花粉型,其次为培矮64S、广占63-2S和H638S。2.4个不育系育性敏感期以30℃及以上温度处理不利于异交特性表现,不育系间表现差异。4个不育系柱头外露率均以24℃、27℃温度处理表现较好,显著高于其它高温处理(33℃和36℃);柱头活力系数均表现随处理温度升高呈下降趋势,以24℃、27℃温度处理表现较好;培矮64S、广占63-2S、H638S异交结实率以24℃表现最好,分别为58.87%、54.22%、50.50%,均显著高于33℃和36℃温度处理,Y58S异交结实率以27℃温度处理表现最好,为58.96%,显著高于其它处理;其中对照温度(29.8℃)虽与30℃温度较接近,但异交结实率均显著高于30℃温度处理。3.4个不育系幼穗MDA含量随处理温度的升高呈上升趋势,在33℃和36℃处理时MDA含量显著高于其它处理和对照;POD活性随处理温度升高呈先上升后下降的趋势,4个不育系在33℃温度处理POD活性最高,显著高于其它处理和对照;脯氨酸的含量随处理温度的上升呈上升趋势,在33℃和36℃处理时脯氨酸含量最高,显著高于其它处理;4个不育系幼穗可溶性糖含量随温度升高呈下降趋势,且以24℃和27℃处理始终显著高于其它处理和对照。4.利用光温敏核不育系制种时,在保证育性安全的前提下,育性敏感期选择合适的温度对异交特性有重要的影响,本研究表明,4个不育系在24℃和27℃处理下异交特性优于其它高温处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 To explore the effects of temperature on Out-crossing characteristics of photo-thermosensitive genic male sterile(PTGMS)line in Rice at Fertility sensitive period.TakingPeiai64 S,Y58S,Guangzhan63-2Sand H638 S as material at the fertility sensitive stage,was treated with five temperature(24℃,27℃,30℃,33℃,36℃)for consecutive 6 days by a phytotron,compared with natural temperature as control(CK,the mean temperature for 29.8℃),the effect of temperature on these sterile lines was studied by physiological and biochemical characteristics of young spike and outcrossing characteristics from heading to flowering stage.The results were as follows:1.The 4 sterile lines were sterile with no stained pollen,and the number of typical pollen was reduced with temperature rising,the most typical pollen at 24℃ and 27℃,whilethe lowest at 36℃ in a phytotron and under the natural conditions.The temperature-sensitivity of these sterile lines showed difference,,the most sensitive to temperature isY58 S,which turned into no pollen type at 33℃ and 36℃,followed by Pei64 S,Guangzhan63-2S and H638 S.2.The temperature treatment,which over 30℃ at the fertility sensitivity stage of 4 sterile lines,was go against to the performance of Out-crossing characteristics,and the performance of the sterile lines were different.The highest stigma exposure rate of 4sterile lines was appeared at 24℃and 27℃,which was significantly higher than other high-temperature treatment(33℃and 36℃);the stigma vigour decreased with the treatment temperature rising,and the highest was appeared at 24℃ and 27℃;the highest out-crossing rate of Pei-64 S,Guangzhan63-2Sand H638 Sat 24℃,which respectively was 58.87%,54.22%,50.5%,was significantly higher than treatment with 33℃ and 36℃,the out-crossing rate of Y58S(58.96%)at 27℃ was the best,which was significantly higher than other treatment;the control temperature(29.8℃)was closely to 30 ℃,but the out-crossing rate at 29.8℃was significantly higher than treatment with 30 ℃.3.The content of MDA in young panicle of four sterile lines increased with the processing temperature rising,and the content at 33℃and36℃ was significantly higher than other treatments and control.the activity of peroxidase(POD)increased then decreased,and the highest of the four sterile lines was appeared at 33℃,which was significantly higher than other treatments and control;Proline content increased with the rise of processing temperature,the content of Proline was highest at 33℃and 36℃,which was significantly higher than other treatments;The soluble sugar content decreased with temperature rising,and remained significantly higher at 24℃and 27℃ than other treatments and control.4.when seed production is used PTGMS,under the assurance of fertility safety,the selection of suitable temperature at the fertility sensitivity stage has important influence on out-crossing characteristics,this study has shown that out-crossing characteristics of the four sterile lines at 24℃and 27℃ is better than other treatment of high-temperature(33℃and 36℃).更多还原