【作者】 丁飞；

【导师】 高强；

【作者基本信息】 华东师范大学 ， 体育人文社会学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 体育史的研究在世界范围内有着较为悠久的历史,欧洲尤以英、法、德三国较早关注体育史,随着研究的不断丰富与研究方式的日渐成熟,难免会产生观念上的碰撞,正因为存在争论与意见的分歧,才会形成种类繁多的不同学派。20世纪前后,作为曾经英属殖民地的美国在继承英国既有史学脉络的基础上,结合本国国情,辅以较为自由的学术环境最终走出了一条属于自身的体育史学区隔化道路。本文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法和跨学科研究法,在历史哲学的理念下以史学史为工具对美国体育史进行梳理。首先,“史家”和“史论”是美国体育史发展的两个基本维度。围绕“史家”维度,美国体育史在不断发展的过程中逐渐成为史学研究的热门领域,体育史研究人群逐步壮大,并大致呈现为“历史学化”—“体育学化”—“合流”三个阶段。通过运用史学史的方法研究美国体育史,能够比较美国体育发展过程中不同时代学者对于美国体育发展的不同看法,从而明晰美国体育史学研究缘何“如其所史”。于“史论”维度,美国体育史在Turner、Robinson等人的带领下,使得美国体育史从一开始的无人问津,经“新史学”学派的兴起最终在美国史学届占有一席之地。在“史家”与“史论”两大基础的支撑下,受到20世纪初世界历史哲学由思辨向分析进行转向的影响,美国体育史学大致历经了“萌芽”、“发展”和“反思”三个阶段。“萌芽”阶段,美国体育史学主要以过去英国传统史学记叙客观体育现象为主;“发展”阶段,美国体育史学形成了跳出体育本身,关注宗教、民族等因素的特征;最后在“反思“阶段,主要强调对传统体育史学话语模式批判与挑战。纵观美国体育史学发展,不得不说,20世纪历史哲学关于思辨与分析的方向性转变一直贯穿其中,正是由于这种与前沿史学变革的契合,说明美国体育史已经后来居上,在世界体育史学界占有一席之地。史学史作为史学研究的一项重要工具,不但可以宏观的概览历史发展脉络,亦能够看清不同时代的体育史家眼中的历史细节。本文在历史哲学的理论帮助下,辅以史学史的研究方法,展开对社会史等因素的分析与批判,审视“新史学浪潮”对于美国体育史学发展的贡献,探讨对于我国体育史学研究开展的有益路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 History of historiography,a crucial tool in history research field,not only can macroscopically overview the trend of history evolution,but also ensure not to neglect any detail in view points of historians.As “New History” extended its territory to “expending research and breaking the edge between various disciplines ”,American Sports started to draw a lot of attentions from historians.Moreover,as Sport became a new research field in history research,sport history began to attracted a increasing number of people,and evolved as “Historicize”、“Transformation of Sports”,and “Synthesis” phases.In addition to that,applying history of historiography to American sport history is able to make comparison between the perspectives of various researchers,then to restore the truth of history.With the assistance of history philosophy,researchers embarked on the criticism and analysis of factors,such as society and started to review the contribution of “trend of New History” to American history development,which is helpful and valuable to Chinese sport history research.Utilizing the literature method,the logic analysis and the interdisciplinary research method,under the historical philosophy idea,this paper takes the historiography as the tool to comb the American sports history.Firstly,"historian" and "historical theory" are the two basic dimensions of the development of American sports history.Around the dimension of "historian",the history of sports in the United States has gradually become a hot field of historical research in the process of continuous development,and the research involvement of sports history has gradually expanded.There are three stages: "Historicization","Physical education" and " Confluence ".By using the method of history of historiography,it is possible to study American sports history by comparing the different views of scholars of different times on the development of American sports in the process of sports development in the United States,so as to make clear why American sports history research is "like its history".In the dimension of "historical theory",the American sports history,led by Turner,Robinson and others,made the history of American sports go unattended from the beginning,and the rise of the school of " New History " finally occupied a place in the field of American historiography.Supported by "Historian" and "Historical Theory",influenced by the turn of world historical philosophy from spekulation to analysis in the early 20 th century,American sports historiography has undergone three stages: "Germination","Development" and "Reflection".In the "Germination" stage,American sports historiography mainly described the objective sports phenomenon in the past British traditional historiography.In the stage of "Development",American sports historiography has formed the characteristics of jumping out of sports itself and paying attention to religion,nationality and other factors.Finally,in the stage of "reflection",the emphasis is on criticizing and challenging the discourse mode of traditional sports historiography.Looking at the development of sports history in the United States,we have to say that the historical philosophy of the 20 th century has been running through the direction of spekulation to analysis.It is precisely because of this kind of coincidence with the reform of frontier historiography that American sports history has surpassed the former to be a much better role in the world of sports history.As an important tool in the study of history,historiography cannot only provide a macro overview of historical development,but also can provide the historical details for sports historians in different times.With the help of the theory of historical philosophy and the research method of Historiography,this paper analyzes and criticizes the factors of social history,and examines the contribution of "New Historical Tide" to the development of American Historiography of Sports History and finally explores the beneficial path for the study of sports history in China.更多还原