【作者】 王慧；

【导师】 杨弘；

【作者基本信息】 东北师范大学 ， 政治学理论， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 党的十九大报告提出,新时代乡村振兴战略实施的重要内容是“加强农村基层基础工作,健全自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系”。自治、法治、德治相结合的乡村治理体系的基本要求是实现乡政村治的协同治理,要求乡村政府、社团组织和村民之间通过建立合作信任和互惠的关系,实现对乡村事务的有效管理。我国乡村治理体系和框架已经渐趋合理完善,但基于传统乡村宗族制度、熟人社会、差序格局、乡村精英等元素的存在,乡村治理往往受到人情、亲缘关系、宗族团体主义的影响,从而影响着乡村治理的成效。社会资本以社会结构中的社会关系网络、信任和互惠规范为主要研究对象,作为一个新的理论视角,社会资本理论可以为乡村治理中所出现的上述问题的解决提供有效的思路。因此引入社会资本理论是实现乡村治理的一种具有针对性的选择。积极的社会资本能够促进以宗族为代表的乡村精英、国家、乡村组织、村民等乡村群体的良性协商互动、互信合作与共识,能够促进广泛的参与,能够有效维护乡村社会秩序,从而有效实现乡村的“善治”。虽然积极的社会资本具有积极的影响,但是我国乡村社会中社会资本有所缺失,乡村治理中的社会关系网络是垂直的依附型社会关系而不是合作的水平横向社会关系,是特殊的信任而不是普遍的信任,是特殊的互惠规范而不是普遍互惠规范。垂直生活关系网络的存在导致乡村社会容易出现庇护关系,普遍信任的缺乏增加了乡村治理的“排斥圈外人”现象,使社会合作缺乏,损坏了乡村治理的民主性与公正性,普遍互惠规范的缺乏使乡民间的横向交流和互动合作减少,从而阻碍乡村“善治”的顺利实现。因而我们亟需深层次挖掘、分析乡村社会中社会资本缺失的原因,在此基础上改善已有社会资本,培育现代社会资本,通过改善和培育乡村社会资本实现乡村“善治”。本文主要分为四个部分:第一部分是引言,交代了我国乡村治理中社会资本培育路径的研究背景、研究意义、研究内容和目标、相关研究综述,以及重难点、研究方法、可能的创新之处等;第二部分是基本理论分析,在总结和界定治理、乡村治理和社会资本概念基础上,分析社会资本在乡村治理中的价值;第三部分是以S村为例对我国乡村治理中社会资本存在状况及原因进行分析;第四部分提出了我国乡村治理中社会资本的改善和培育路径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The report of the communist party of China(CPC)puts forward that strengthening rural grassroots basic work and improving the rural governance system combining autonomy,rule of law and virtue governance.Rural governance for township village management synergy governance,urging country between the government,social organizations and the villagers to build trust and mutually beneficial relations of cooperation,to achieve effective management of village affairs.Framework has become more reasonable and perfect the rural governance system in our country,but the system based on traditional rural families,acquaintances society,preface-structure and rural elite element,rural governance tend to be human,kinship,clan groups,the influence of these factors affecting the effectiveness of the rural governance.Social capital as a new theory Angle of view,the research in the social structure,social relations network,trust and mutually beneficial norms,effective conjunction of the above problems in rural governance,the introduction of social capital theory is the inevitable choice of rural governance.Positive social capital can promote represented by their fathers’ houses of rural elite,country,rural village groups such as organization and villagers benign interaction,mutual trust cooperation with consensus through consultation,positive social capital can promote broad participation,effectively maintaining the social order,thus effectively realize country "good governance".Although positive social capital has a positive impact,but lacking social capital in rural society in China,the social relation network in rural governance is the vertical horizontal transverse social peers rather than social relations cooperation relations,is special trust rather than general trust,is a special mutual specification rather than common reciprocal norms,the existence of the vertical life relation network in the relationship between rural society prone to shelter,the lack of universal trust increase the rural governance "exclude outsiders" phenomenon,the lack of social cooperation,damaged the democracy of rural governance and impartiality,the lack of universal reciprocity norm reduce township folk lateral communication and mutual cooperation,hinder the smooth realization of the rural "good governance".So we need deep excavation,the analysis of the lack of social capital in rural society,on the basis of improving the existing social capital,cultivating new type social capital,by improving and cultivating health,new type of rural social capital to realize "good governance".This paper is divided into four parts: the first part is the introduction part,narrates the path of cultivating social capital in China’s rural governance research background,research significance,research content and objectives,reviews the related studies,as well as difficult point,research methods and possible innovation place;The second part is the basic theoretical analysis,and analyzes the value of social capital in rural governance based on the summary and definition of governance,rural governance and social capital concept.The third part is the analysis of the status and causes of social capital in rural governance in China.The fourth part puts forward the improvement and cultivation path of social capital in rural governance in China.更多还原