【作者】 李倩倩；

【导师】 黄苏萍；

【作者基本信息】 上海大学 ， 社会学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 改革开放以来,拆分型劳动力再生产模式在支撑了中国30多年的高速经济增长的同时,也带来了日益严峻的留守儿童问题。父母角色缺位和城乡教育存在的巨大差距使得农村地区庞大的留守儿童群体面临着严峻的教育问题,这种教育问题不仅包括学习成绩,还包括心理问题和健康问题。毋庸置疑,教育问题给他们带来的影响极为深远,毕竟在这样一个断裂、转型和博弈的社会,对于这些处于社会底层的群体而言,教育是他们真正能够摆脱底层阶级再生产循环的唯一途径。对国家而言,留守儿童的教育问题不仅影响着我国未来人力资本的质量,甚至还影响着社会的稳定。作为解决撤点并校导致的上学远问题和留守儿童教育问题的农村寄宿制学校,在承担了学校教育职能的同时,还在一定程度上承担着原来由家庭负责的家庭教育和照料功能。那么在农村地区普遍建立的寄宿制学校对农村留守儿童教育问题有什么样的影响?它究竟能不能对遏制底层再生产方面起到一定的积极作用?这是本文要考虑的问题。在文中,作者从身体健康、心理健康和学习成绩三个维度出发分别探讨了在校住宿对于单亲外出留守儿童和双亲外出留守儿童的教育问题的影响。借助中国教育追踪调查数据,本文发现,整体而言,留守儿童中住校生与走读生在身体健康状况和心理健康状况方面并不存在显著的差异。在学习成绩方面,在单亲外出留守儿童中,住校生的学习成绩要显著优于走读生。不过在双亲外出留守儿童中,住校生与走读生在学习成绩方面并不存在明显的差异。其中很大的原因在于与单亲外出的留守儿童相比,双亲外出的留守儿童的心理健康状况更差。因此,不管是家长、监护人还是学校都需要对双亲外出留守儿童给予更多关注。尽管寄宿制学校在办学条件和办学理念方面存在诸多问题,但作为缓解留守儿童教育问题的权宜之策,它对于解决留守儿童教育问题具有一定的积极作用。当然,解决留守儿童面临的问题的根本之策在于推进区域经济协调发展,逐步减少留守儿童的数量。但就目前而言,它仍不失为缓解留守儿童教育问题的较好方法。在寄宿制学校的后续建设中,除了要加强寄宿制学校的硬件投入之外,还注重对寄宿制学校的软件建设。由于留守儿童的教育问题是多种因素糅合的产物,因此在解决留守儿童教育问题上,还需要家庭、学校和政府等多方面形成合力。更多还原

【Abstract】 While having benefited the rapid development of Chinese economy for over three decades after carrying out the reform and open policy,the divisive reproduction of labor force has brought a great many left-behind children.The absence of parents and the disparity of education between the city and the rural make children whose parents are far away face with serious educational problems,including academical performance,mental problems and nutritional problems.For people living in a society which is diverged,changing and competitive,there is doubt that the effect brought by educational problems is rather profound in China,because only with a college degree can they get rid of the circle of class reproduction.For the country,educational problems surrounding left-behind children have a great influence on the quality of its human resource and social stability.As an important solution to solve problems caused by adjustment of distribution of middle schools and primary schools in rural China and educational problems stay-at-home children face,boarding schools have taken functions of family education,looking after children and a school.What the article is interested in is that what the influence of boarding schools bring on leftover children’s educational problems,and whether it can help to prevent the class reproduction of people who are at the bottom of the ladder in China.The article has explored the influence of living in boarding schools on educational problems of children undergoing paternal migration or maternal migration in rural china in nutritional,mental health and academical achievements.By using the data of China Education Panel Survey,the article shows that the difference on nutrition status and mental health between boarders and day students is not obvious.When it comes to academical achievement,children living on campus perform much better than nonresident students among children undergoing paternal migration or maternal migration,while distinction between boarders and day students among children whose parents are both away is not obvious.The main reason is that mental status of children whose parents are both away is more terrible.So they should be given more attentions by parents,caregivers and schools.We admit that there are many problems in school conditions and educational philosophies of boarding schools.However,as a expedient way to relieve educational problems left behind children face,it does good to solving the problems in some degree.Of course,the critical way of wiping off the problems annoying stay-at-home children is to advance balanced economic development between regions and decrease the number of left behind children gradually.But up to now,setting up boarding schools in rural is still a good way.In the follow-up construction of boarding school,both hardware and software facilities should be given much attention.As a product of many factors,educational problems of left behind children should be solved with the cooperation of the family,schools and the government.更多还原