【作者】 陈林；

【导师】 吴秀明；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 中国现当代文学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 “非虚构”写作是中国新世纪以来的一个重要的文学现象。“非虚构”作家同时不满于纯文学和报告文学对社会现实的无力把握,而致力于重建文学与现实的联系。如乔叶的《拆楼记》、梁鸿的《梁庄》系列、孙惠芬的《生死十日谈》、阿来的《瞻对》等“非虚构”作品,或是揭露现实乡土中国的生存实景,或是还原历史空间的真实场景,它们无不包含着作家强烈的现实诉求。在现实乡土“非虚构”那里,乡土中国呈现为一种“异托邦”的存在;在打工“非虚构”那里,作家们表达了对城市漂泊者的心灵关怀;在历史回溯“非虚构”那里,“旧事重提”指认了作家们对抗遮蔽与遗忘的决心。为了通过“非虚构”写作来重建文学与现实的联系,诸多作家采取了叙述视角上的第一人称与隐含作者的消匿、叙述声音上人物意识的复调呈现、叙述路径上公共经验的微观表达等一系列文学创作上的策略。通过上述策略,“非虚构”作家提供了许多我们无法从以往文学文本中听到的“声音”——这些声音在主流意识形态中常常被压抑和遮蔽。在一定程度上,陌生声音的发现确认了“非虚构”作家亲身行动和体验的有效性。并且也向我们展示了当下现实的一些真相。当然,“非虚构”写作至今仍存在不少值得深思的问题。作品的动人之处往往表现为题材、事件的新闻价值,作家往往忽视了对文体的建设;作家对主体性的控制不当,在一定程度上对书写对象造成了新的压抑和遮蔽;单向度的信息摄入方式使得作家书写的人物形象缺乏内心的丰富性。这为今后的“非虚构”写作留下了进步的空间。更多还原

【Abstract】 Non-fiction writing is one of the important literary phenomenon since the new century in China.Non-fiction writer are dissatisfied with both Pure Literature and Reportage which are unable to grasp social reality.Therefore,they are committed to reconstruct the relationship between literature and reality.The Non-fiction such as China is in Liangzhuang,the Decameron of LIfe and Death,the Story of the Requisition of Land,and Zhandui reveals the survival of rural China in reality or restore history space of the real scene.All of them contain the strongly demands of reality of author.When Rural China appears as the existence of a Heterotopia in the Real Rural Non-fiction,writers generally show the concern to the heart of people at the bottom in city in Non-fiction of work and bring up the past points out the determination of writers that resist being covered and forgotten in Non-fiction of History.In order to reconstruct the relation between literature and reality through Non-fiction writing,many writer take a series of strategies on the literary creation that is different from the past literary,such as the First-person narrative perspective,the characters sound which is presented in a Polyphonic,and the microscopic narrative that is little about a major issue and so on.Non-fiction writer offers many voices we couldn’t hear from the past literature text which is always suppressed and sheltered in the mainstream,through the above strategies.To some extent,the findings of strange voice confirmed the effectiveness of the action and personally experience of Non-fiction writer.Besides,they show us the present truth in reality as well.Certainly there still exist some problems that is worthy of thinking deeply in Non-fiction writing.What really moves people in the text often presents as the news value of theme and event.The construction to literary form is ignored by Non-fiction writers.The writers can’t control the subjectivity well,causing that the characters be written by Non-fiction writers are oppressed and shelter to a certain degree.The only way of information consumption makes the characters lack of inner richness.Those problems will leave much space for future progress of the Non-fiction writing.更多还原