【作者】 张弛；

【导师】 蒋岳祥；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 金融（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 自我国改革开放开始,经济增长迅速,与国际市场接轨程度不断加深,经济全球化趋势日益明显,外资金融机构不断进入我国市场,市场逐步进入完全竞争状态。同时,随着市场化程度加深及金融改革不断深化,小微企业信贷、涉农信贷供给需求量大增。这样的背景下,对我国金融机构的竞争力提出了较高的要求,而此时,我国农村金融体系尚未完善的问题也日益暴露出来,农村信用合作社自成立起一直是农村金融体系的重要组成部分,但发展到如今,农村信用合作社主要存在产权不够清晰、管理体制不够健全、风险管理意识落后的问题。在此背景下,我国以经济较为发达地区,资质条件尚好些的农村信用合作社为试点,组建成为农村商业银行。农商行的成立,标志着农村金融资源的重新配置和市场化的进一步加深,因此农商行自成立起,发展迅速,已成为农村金融体系中不可替代的部分,成为服务农村金融“三农”、中小企业的中坚力量。但自第一批农商行成立至今,农商行虽发展迅速,但存在较多问题:风险控制水平低、创新产品能力弱、自我定位不足等。鉴于农商行在农村金融发展中的重要地位及其快速发展下亟待解决的问题,本文将在整理国内外文献综述的基础上,首先以德清农商行为案例,简单介绍农村金融机构、农商行发展的宏观环境、农商行概况与发展历程,并对其发展现状及经营情况进行简单介绍,同时将德清农商行与国内其他农商行进行比较分析,得出:德清农商行尚存在盈利能力较差、风险控制体系不足、区位优势利用度不高的问题。由此,我们在对农商行快速发展下存在的问题有了初步了解之后,构建农商行竞争力指标体系,以主成分分析法对非上市农商行的竞争力水平进行测量,并对其影响因素进行分析,分析农商行竞争力薄弱的原因:从营利性角度看,成本、盈利、资产均对竞争力水平有较为显著的正向影响;从风险体系控制看,资本充足率、拨备覆盖率、不良贷款率对竞争力水平有着较大的影响,限于数据的影响,尚无法确定是否存在U型模型,但风险控制对竞争力水平仍有较大的影响;从区位因素看,区位因素对于农商行的竞争力具有较大的影响。由此,我们对浙江省农商行的发展情况进行分析并给出相关政策建议,为农商行更好的支持农村金融发展、国家经济增长做好方向性的支持工作。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the beginning of China’s reform and opening up,economy grows rapidly,and the degree of convergence with the international market has been increasingly deepened.The tendency of economic globalization has become increasingly obvious.Foreign financial institutions constantly flows into the market of our country making the market of our country gradually enter into a state of complete competition.At the same time,with the deepening of China’s economic marketization and financial mechanism reform,the demand for small and micro-enterprise credit and agriculture-related credit has increased greatly.This environment has required stronger competitiveness of financial institutions in China.However,at this time,unsettled problems in the rural financial system of China has been increasingly exposed.Rural credit cooperatives have been an important part of the rural financial system since their establishment,but till now,Lack of clear property rights,inadequate management system and backward risk management consciousness exist in rural credit cooperatives are mainly.Under this background,our country takes the qualified rural credit cooperative in the more developed area as the pilot,sets up the rural commercial bank.The establishment of agricultural and commercial banks marks the redistribution of rural financial resources and the further deepening of marketization.It has become an irreplaceable part of the rural financial system since its establishment and rapid development,which has grown into the backbone of serving rural finance,rural areas and farmers,as well as small and medium-sized enterprises.But since the establishment of the first batch of agribusiness,although the agribusiness has developed rapidly,there are still many problems:low level of risk control,weak ability of innovative products,insufficient self-positioning and so on.Therefore,in view of the important position of agricultural and commercial banks in the development of rural finance and the urgent problems to be solved under the rapid development,this paper will first take Deqing Agricultural and Commercial Bank as an example on the basis of sorting out the domestic and foreign literature review.On the basis of a certain understanding of the background of the development of agricultural and commercial banks,this paper explores the status quo,existing problems and reform and transformation of agricultural and commercial banks.In view of the development of unlisted agribusiness,this paper takes Changshu agribusiness as an example to introduce and analyze its competitiveness,and then constructs the index system of agribusiness competitiveness,and measures the competitiveness of unlisted agribusiness by principal component analysis(PCA).By analyzing the influencing factors,the paper analyzes the reasons for the weak competitiveness of agribusiness:from the point of profit,the cost,profit and assets have significant positive effects on the competitiveness level,and from the risk system control point of view,Capital adequacy ratio,reserve coverage rate and non-performing loan rate have great influence on competitiveness level.Limited to the influence of data,it is impossible to determine whether there is a U model or not,but risk control still has a great influence on competitiveness level.From the perspective of location factors,location factors have a greater impact on the competitiveness of agricultural and commercial banks.As a result,we analyze the development of agricultural and commercial banks in Zhejiang Province and give some relevant policy recommendations.更多还原