【作者】 陈莹；

【导师】 冯冰；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 教育硕士（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 自改革开放以来,英语作为国际上的通用语言,已成为国内和国外交流的重要媒介。在当前中国的基础教育系统中,英语是一门重要的基础课程。本文研究了高中学生家庭背景对学生英语成绩的影响。为得到学生英语成绩与家庭背景的相关情况,本文采用了问卷调查的研究形式,并使用合适的社会学理论和教育学理论来分析问卷调查的结果。根据分析,本文认为家庭背景对学生英语成绩的影响因素可分为主要因素和次要因素两大类。在主要因素方面,本文采用统计分析方法揭示了学生家庭背景与英语成绩的直接关系,发现不同家庭背景的学生取得的英语成绩也不同。通过横向比较,本文认为学生家长的职业、学生家长的教育层次以及家庭收入都能影响学生的英语成绩。其中,学生家长的教育层次影响最大。在次要因素方面,本文研究了包括课外辅导、学习辅助工具、家长参与在内的因素对学生英语成绩的影响。事实上,所有上述因素都能与家庭背景产生联系,而且都会对学生的英语成绩产生一些影响。对于课外辅导因素,本文研究了课外英语辅导班、英语家教、家长辅导的影响。本文发现,家庭背景能够显著影响学生参与课外英语辅导班以及聘请英语家教的可能性,而家长的教育水平和家长参与对学生的英语课外辅导也呈现出密切联系。经过分析,本文认为家长辅导对学生英语成绩的帮助是最大的。对于学习辅助工具因素,本文研究了课外辅导书、电子产品的影响。本文的研究已证实了学习辅助工具对学生英语成绩的重要性。家长的职业和教育程度都会对学生课外辅导书、电子词典和英语学习软件的使用产生影响。负责技术工作和管理工作的家长更有可能为帮助子女的英语学习而进行这些文化消费,而高收入家庭则会在子女的学习辅导工具上投入更多资金。因而本文认为,家庭背景会影响这些学习辅助工具的使用,从而显著影响学生的英语学习效果。对于家长参与因素,本文研究了家长对英语教学的关注、家庭学习环境和家长对子女的期望对学生英语成绩的影响。事实上,本文发现所有的家长参与因素都与家庭背景存在明显的联系。家长的职业和受教育程度不同,他们在家里的学习习惯也不同,所营造的家庭学习环境不同,而且对英语教学的关注和重视程度也不同。此外,家长的职业和受教育程度也能一定程度上影响他们对子女的期望。最后,本文分析了本研究存在的局限性,并提出了一些教育政策上的建议。由于家庭背景不同所造成的学生英语成绩的差异以及学生英语学习兴趣的差异,在英语教学工作中应当受到重视,并需要通过一些因材施教的理念来得到处理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the Reform and Opening-up policy was implemented in 1980s,English has been employed as a communication medium in many international situations.In the current education system in China,English is set as a compulsory course in the basic education.This thesis studies the influence of family background on the Chinese high school students’ English achievements.The questionnaire investigation is carried out to obtain the students’ English achievements as well as their family background.The sociological theories and the educational theories are adopted to analyze the questionnaire results.Based on the analysis,the causality of the students’English achievements can be classified into two categories,major causality as well as the minor causality.In the major causality part,the direct causal relationship between family background and academic performance of English are discussed.In this part,descriptive statistics approach is used to show the differences of English achievements of the students with different family backgrounds.The factors are horizontally compared to determine the major factor.It is concluded that the parents’ occupation,the parents’ educational level,and the family income all can affect the students’ English achievement.In terms of the horizontal comparison,the contributing factor of the parents’ educational level has the largest distribution range.It can be speculated that the effect of the parents’ educational level is the most important factor among the three factors.In the minor causality part,the effects of several intermediary factors are investigated,including the extra-curricular factors,the study reference factors,and the parents’ participation factors.All the factors are linked to the family background to reveal the mechanism.The extra-curricular factors can be treated as the combination of the extracurricular classes,the tutor,and the guidance of the parents.The research indicates that the family background can significantly affect the chances of joining tutorial English education and hiring private teachers.There exist significant effects of parents’ occupation and parents’ educational level on the parental guidance.Among them,the parental guidance can significantly improve the students’English achievement.The study reference factors include the reference books,and the electronic products.The relationship of the family background and the English achievement has been discussed to reveal the importance of the study reference factors.The parents’ occupation and their educational level can affect the usage of reference books,dictionaries and the assistant software in the English education of the students.Compared with the labor workers and farmers,the technical personnel and management personnel are more receptive to cultural consumptions.Compared with the parents with low educational level,the parents with high educational level can enjoy more cultural consumptions.It is also indicated that the family income can affect the use of the reference books,dictionaries and the assistant software.Naturally,the reference books,dictionaries and the assistant software can significantly affect students’ English achievement.The parents’ participation factors can be divided into the concern level of English education,the educational environment and the educational expectation.All the parents’ participation factors have been linked to the family background to reveal the effects of the parents’participation factors.The parents’ occupation and the parents’ educational level significantly affect their habitues of learning at home.Also,the parents’ occupation and the parents’educational level can affect the expectation to their children.Finally,three policy suggestions are raised.The polarization effect of English education due to the family background should be noticed.更多还原