【作者】 杨晓明；

【导师】 周星；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 外国语言学及应用语言学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 已有研究表明学生课堂参与度会受到很多因素的影响,包括学生性别,性格、偏好和教室环境等。教室的桌椅布置方式是教室环境的重要组成部分。教室桌椅布置方式会对学生课堂参与度产生重要的影响。本研究旨在探讨教室桌椅布置与大学生英语课堂进行合作学习时参与度的关系。主要研究目的为:(1)教室桌椅布置方式对大学生英语课堂合作学习参与度的影响;(2)学生对教室桌椅布置方式的偏好;(3)在两种不同的教室座位布置,即半圆形和横排座位进行合作学习后,学生对桌椅布置方式的偏好是否发生改变。本研究采取了定量和定性研究相结合的方法。研究对象为浙江大学一年级学生,3个班,共99人。主要的数据收集方式为调查问卷法和课堂录像法。课堂录像主要收集个案研究的数据。研究结果表明,教室桌椅布置方式对学生英语课堂进行合作学习活动的参与度有着重要的影响。半圆形座位有利于促进组员在进行合作学习活动时面对面的互动和眼神交流,但会导致一定程度的注意力不集中。横排座位更能提高学生进行活动时的集中度,但是不利于组员间进行面对面互动和眼神交流。另外,本研究结果表明,学生的偏好受到学生个人性格和教室环境的影响。大部分学生都更喜欢半圆形座位,因为它更人性化、方便和舒适,并且能促进组员间的交流互动。在两种不同的教室座位布置方式进行合作学习后,学生的偏好并没有发生改变,即学生还是更喜欢半圆形座位。但是学生喜欢半圆形座位并不意味着他们会在半圆形座位有更好的表现。反之,本研究中的个案研究表明,一些喜欢半圆形座位的学生在横排座位有着更好的表现,因为横排座位更有利于他们集中精神。每位学生的个性和学习方法都是不一样的。他们看待课堂活动,感知组员间的人际关系的角度也不一样。半圆形座位可能更适合注重教室座位舒适度与实用性的学生。横排座位更适合希望与组员空间距离小的学生。教师需要仔细安排桌椅布置以符合不同学生的特点和需求,鼓励他们更好地参与到课堂活动中。更多还原

【Abstract】 Researches have shown that students’ participation can be influenced by a variety of factors,including students’ gender,personality differences,preferences and classroom environment(Sommer,1967;Anderson,2009;Kaya&Burgess,2007;Lei,2010;Wannarka&Ruhl,2008;Azeman,2012;Brown,2014;Supratman,2015;Tandyonomanu,2016;Correa et al.,2016).Classroom environment includes seating arrangements which are believed to have important impacts on fostering students’participation in cooperative learning activities(Woodson,2003;Supratman,2015;Tandyonomanu,2016;Correa et al.,2016).How a seating arrangement affects students’participation is found to depend on how far this seating arrangement suits the activity carried out and the communication pattern targeted at in class.However,limited research has been conducted on classroom seating arrangements and their effects on students’participation while doing cooperative learning activities.In addition,few studies have been conducted on students’ preferences of different classroom seating arrangements and almost no research has been carried out in the Chinese context.Study of the classroom seating arrangement is therefore of great importance since it is one of the factors that can either promote or decrease students’ on-task participation in the EFL classrooms.The purpose of this study is to examine:(1)the effects of two seating arrangements,namely,rows-and-columns and the semi-circles,on students’ participation while working on cooperative learning activities in the EFL classrooms in the Chinese context;(2)students’ preferences of seating arrangements and reasons for their choices;(3)whether students’ preferences of classroom seating arrangements changed after experiencing both seating arrangements.The present study employed a mixed method,using both qualitative and quantitative approaches with a sample of three classes containing 99 students.As a quantitative design,this study focused on collecting data about students’ participation and their preferences of seating arrangements through questionnaires.A case study,i.e.,a qualitative study,was conducted through videotaping one group selected randomly in Class 1 in order to collect data about students’ participation in both seating arrangements.The results show that seating arrangements have a great impact on students’participation while working on cooperative learning activities in the EFL classrooms.Practicality and comfort are the two most important elements concerning classroom seating arrangements.Seating arrangements which help students focus on the task facilitate them to gain better performances in class.The sense of group belonging is also an important factor related to students’ participation in group activities,especially for those inactive students.Semi-circles seating arrangement helps students maintain better communication with other group members,while the rows-and-columns seating arrangement helps them concentrate more on the task.The findings of this study support the argument that classroom environment plays a critical role in students’ satisfaction while students’ satisfaction does not necessarily lead to better performances in class.In addition,students’ preferences didn’t change after experiencing both seating arrangements.That is to say,students still liked the semi-circles seating arrangement more because it was more comfortable,more convenient and more friendly.As the present study shows,different seating arrangements reinforce different patterns of behavior and interaction.Different students see the class,work with people and accept information in different ways.The teacher’ s philosophy and the way the teacher incorporates the seating arrangement during the instructions have impacts on students in different ways.The way the seats arranged should depend on the type of students and the philosophy the teacher adopts.In any situations,seats should be arranged to help students achieve their goals,gain concentration and a sense of group belonging.Semi-circles seating arrangements might be very successful for some students who value the comfort of seats,whereas rows-and-columns seating arrangement might be suitable for other students who want to feel closer to other group members.Therefore,teachers need to plan seating arrangement carefully after looking at all the personalities and proficiency levels of students.更多还原