【作者】 韩冰；

【导师】 汪波；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 人文地理学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 当代丰富物质成果积累的同时,人们的精神需求渐渐体现出来。佛教作为我国优秀的传统文化,若发挥与当代社会相适应的社会职能,便能实现积极而正面的社会价值,承担文化纽带和心灵使者的身份。宗教场所的空间分布特征,能体现区域间差异、历史文化背景以及宗教与人类活动的相互影响。因此,对它的研究,不仅可以利于宏观全局的信息掌控,还可以为相关政策制定及佛教文化资源的利用提供支撑。同时,对传统文化的当代意义探寻,是弘扬传统文化的最佳方式,是民族文化应对全球化的必要形式,亦是践行“文化自信”的基本要求。本文以浙江省为研究对象,利用地理编码技术和谷歌卫星影像获取佛寺的矢量多边形、中心点数据、面积规模以及布局特征,基于ArcGIS10.5平台,运用标准差椭圆分析、平均最近邻分析、Kernel密度分析、Global Moran’s I分析和Getis-Ord Gi*分析方法,对省内的1269个佛寺进行了空间分析。在此基础上,利用景观指数和佛寺影响力加权作为指标,对省内73个行政区域的佛寺分布特征进行系统聚类分析,从而为浙江省佛寺资源的利用提供建议。本研究主要得出了以下结论:浙江省佛寺分布偏向东部,且有显著集聚的趋势,佛寺空间密度极其不平衡,呈现“7”字型的高密度区。最高密度出现在温州地区,达0.12个/km2,西南衢州和丽水地区低于0.01个/km2。浙江省佛寺以中小型规模为主,面积集中于1×103至6×103m2之间。城市佛寺的面积规模均值最大,但同时内部差异也最大。在分布上,呈现大规模佛寺集聚的“热点”区域和小规模佛寺集聚的“冷点”区域。前者位于杭州、嘉兴、奉化、兰溪和舟山地区,后者集中于温州地区。浙江省佛寺72%朝向南方,但东南和西南朝向均多于正南朝向佛寺。单轴线型佛寺布局在乡村和城市的比例大于山林佛寺,自由布局则主要出现在山林佛寺中。地形对于佛寺空间分布有显著相关作用,佛寺倾向于分布在坡度小于、海拔较低的地区。佛寺数量与距离河流远近显著相关,越靠近河流或水域,佛寺分布数量越多。交通对佛寺分布的影响作用与河流相似,距离主要公路越近,佛寺数量越多,交通对佛寺规模和密度未产生显著线性影响。地区人口和地区经济与佛寺数量和PD呈正比,且相关性高,与MNN呈反比。历史时期的城市地位、高僧大德以及宗派发展对于佛寺空间分布亦产生了显著影响。浙江省的73个行政区域可以划分为6个类型,第一类为浙江省的佛教文化中心,包括舟山、杭州、天台和宁波地区。第二类为温州地区的小规模佛寺密集区。第三类为小规模佛寺散布区。第四类为“一大多小”佛寺分布模式。第五类为局部小规模佛寺集聚区。第六类为大小佛寺均匀分布区。在此基础上,对于各地区的佛寺文化旅游资源提出保护和开发建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the accumulation of contemporary rich material achievements,people’s spiritual needs are gradually reflected.Buddhism is an excellent traditional Chinese culture.If it plays the social function suitable to the contemporary society,it can realize the positive social value,bear cultural ties and bring spiritual value.The spatial distribution characteristics of religious sites can reflect spatial variation,historical and cultural backgrounds,and the interaction between religion and human activities.Therefore,researches on it can not only produce macro and global information control,but also provide support for related policies and the utilization of Buddhist cultural resources.At the same time,the exploration of the contemporary significance of traditional culture is the best way to carry forward the traditional culture,the necessary act of national culture when faced with cultural globalization,and the basic requirement of the practice of "cultural confidence".Taking Zhejiang as the research object,this paper uses geocoding technology and Google satellite image to obtain the vector polygon,center point data,area scale and layout features of the Buddhist temples.Based on the ArcGIS10.5 platform,the standard deviation ellipse analysis,average nearest neighbor analysis,Kernel density analysis,Global Moran’s I analysis and Getis-Ord Gi*analysis method were used to analyze the 1269 Buddhist temples in the province.On this basis,using the landscape index and the weight of the Buddhist temple as the index,the distribution characteristics of the Buddhist temple in 73 administrative regions in the province were analyzed systematically,so as to provide suggestions for the utilization of Buddhist temple resources in Zhejiang province.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:The distribution of Buddhist temples in Zhejiang Province is biased towards the East,and there is a significant trend of agglomeration.The density of Buddhist temples is extremely unbalanced,showing a "7" high density area.The highest density was found in the Wenzhou area,up to 0.12/km2.However,southwest of Quzhou and Lishui area is lower than that of 0.01/km2.Temples in Zhejiang Province are mainly concentrated in the scale between 1000 to 6000m2.The size of the urban Buddhist temple is the largest,while the internal difference is also the largest.There are significant "hot spots" of large-scale Buddhist temples and "cold spots" of small-scale Buddhist temples.The former is located in Hangzhou,Jiaxing,Fenghua,Lanxi and Zhoushan,while the latter is concentrated in Wenzhou.In Zhejiang Province,72%Buddhist temples towards the south,but the southeast and southwest towards temples are more than the South towards temples.The proportion of mono linear Buddhist temple layout in the countryside and the city is larger than that in the mountain forest temple.The free layout is mainly in the mountain forest temple.Topography has a significant correlation to the spatial distribution of Buddhist temples,and Buddhist temples tend to be distributed in areas with lower slopes and lower altitudes.The number of Buddhist temples is significantly related to the distance between rivers.The closer the rivers or waters are,the more Buddhist temples are distributed.The influence of traffic on the distribution of Buddhist temple is similar to that of the river.The nearer the main road is,the more the number of Buddhist temples.The traffic has no significant linear influence on the scale and density of the Buddhist temples.The regional population and regional economy are directly proportional to the number of Buddhist temples and PD,and the correlation is high,which is inversely proportional to MNN.The city status,the monks’ greatness and the sectarian development in the historical period also had a significant impact on the spatial distribution of Buddhist temples.The 73 administrative regions of Zhejiang can be divided into 6 types.The first category is the Buddhist cultural center of Zhejiang Province,including Zhoushan,Hangzhou,Tiantai and Ningbo.The second category is a small Buddhist temple concentrated area in Wenzhou.The third kind is the small scale Buddhist temple scattered area.The fourth category is the distribution pattern of "one big&majority small" Buddhist temples area.The fifth kind is the local small scale Buddhist temple gathering area.The sixth kind is the uniform distribution area of the size Buddhist temple.On this basis,suggestions for protection and development of Buddhist temple cultural tourism resources in various regions are put forward.更多还原