【作者】 张震；

【导师】 崔江红； 侯秋红；

【作者基本信息】 中原工学院 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 针板是使用针刺机械加固法生产非织造布的针刺机的重要的部件之一。近年来针刺非织造布的产量加剧,质量需求增加,对生产设备提出更高的配置需求。一台针刺机的设备性能是否良好决定着针刺非织造布品质的优劣。针刺产品质量的好坏取决于刺针能否与针板完美配合,因此对针板多孔位尺寸的检测,是针刺机设备生产中的重要步骤。本课题来源于河南省高等学校重点科研项目和河南省高等学校现代制造装备与仪器重点学科开放实验室开放课题,针对研制的小型教学用针刺机,在对针板检测现状研究分析基础上,提出一种基于机器视觉技术的针刺机针板自动检测技术。针刺机针板的长宽尺寸为288mm×148mm,针板有684个直径为1.83mm的孔。据调研,实际生产中,针板的检测方式是使用标准塞针进行人工检查或数控机床配合人工检测方式。这种检测方式,耗时长,精度低,难以满足非织造行业日益进步的工业生产需求。针对这种产线生产需求,研究出一种基于计算机视觉的针刺机针板尺寸检测方法,通过相机拍摄和图像处理技术实现针刺机针板孔位尺寸的检测,具有重要意义。本文在对机器视觉国内外发展现状及机器视觉技术在纺织领域应用研究基础上,提出机器视觉技术检测针刺机针板的设计思想。首先针对针刺机针板尺寸的实际检测需求,设计了合理的检测流程。通过对检测系统中所需要的相机和镜头以及打光方式进行了确定,搭建了机器视觉检测针板的测量平台。其次,选用了Halcon作为图像处理软件对针板图像进行处理,提取目标特征。对采集的图像进行了中值滤波和拉普拉斯锐化,通过直方图阈值分割以及Roberts算子边缘检测。最终提取到目标特征。然后,首先使用Halcon软件自带算子进行标定板标定,可以消除镜头的畸变。再采用Halcon软件的Area_center算子计算出针板孔位的中心坐标和直径,结合标定参数,将其转换为空间尺寸,实现了针板尺寸的机器视觉检测。最后,通过重复性实验,验证了实验平台的稳定性。使用实验室的高精度影像仪,对针板孔位进行检测,通过两种检测方式的实验结果比较,对实验设计方案进行了验证。结果表明,针刺机针板机器视觉孔位检测方案可以使用,能够满足针板的检测精度并且提高生产效率,具有极大的实际应用价值。更多还原

【Abstract】 Needle plate is one of the most important parts of needling machine producing non-woven fabric by reinforcing method.In recent years,the production of needle punched nonwovens is increasing,and the demand for quality is increasing.Whether the performance of a needle punching machine is good determines the quality of needle punched nonwovens.The quality of acupuncture products depends on the perfect fit of the needle with the needle plate,so the measurement of the pore size of the needle plate is an important step in the production of the needling machine.This topic comes from the key scientific research projects of Henan University and the open laboratory of open laboratory in key disciplines of modern manufacturing equipment and instruments in Henan province.In view of the development of small teaching needling machine,a needle plate based on machine vision technology is put forward on the basis of the current research and analysis of the needle plate testing.Dynamic testing technology.The length and width of the needle plate of the needle punching machine is 288mm* 148 mm,and the needle plate has 684 holes with a diameter of 1.83 mm.According to investigation,in actual production,needle plate is checked by standard stopper or manual inspection.This testing method takes a long time and low accuracy,and it is hard to meet the increasingly progressive industrial production demand of nonwovens industry.In view of the production demand of this line,a method of measuring the size of needle plate in acupuncture machine based on computer vision is studied.It is of great significance to detect the size of needle plate hole position of acupuncture machine through camera shooting and image processing technology.On the basis of the development of machine vision at home and abroad and the application of machine vision technology in the field of textile,this paper puts forward the design idea of machine vision technology to detect needle plate of acupuncture machine.First,aiming at the actual inspection demand of needle plate size of needle punching machine,a reasonable detection process is designed.Through determining the camera and lens and lighting way needed in the detection system,we set up the measurement platform for the machine vision inspection needle plate.Secondly,Halcon is selected as image processing software to process the needle plate image and extract the target feature.Median filter and Laplasse sharpening of the collected images were done through histogram threshold segmentation and Roberts operator edge detection.The target feature is finally extracted.Then,the calibration of the calibration board is carried out by using Halcon software,and the lens distortion can be eliminated.Then the center coordinates and diameter of the needle plate hole position are calculated by the Area_center operator of Halcon software,and the size of the needle plate is realized by using the calibration parameters to realize the machine vision inspection of the needle plate size.Finally,the stability of the experimental platform is verified through repeated experiments.By using the high precision imager of the laboratory,the hole position of the needle plate is detected,and the experimental design scheme is verified by comparing the experimental results of the two detection methods.The results show that the testing scheme of needle plate machine vision hole position in acupuncture machine is feasible.It can ensure the precision of needle plate detection and shorten the production cycle of needle plate.It has great practical value.更多还原