【作者】 李敏；

【导师】 马光；

【作者基本信息】 浙江大学 ， 法律硕士（非法学）（专业学位）， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 随着经济全球化的发展,跨国公司已成为全球范围内不可忽视的力量。在经济领域中,一些知名的跨国公司年收入比部分主权国家的国民生产总值还要多。同时,在政治领域中,跨国公司愈来愈注意其与东道国政党、政府及其他国家机关的联系。经济和政治领域的优势地位一方面有利于跨国公司追逐利润,另一方面却导致跨国公司人权侵犯案例的增多。传统上,国际人权法主要对国家进行人权责任规制,国际人权保护框架往往以国家为中心。经济全球化不断发展,跨国资本加剧在世界范围内的流动,跨国公司数目增长。同时,贸易自由化又让这些公司具备了更多的权利,对其义务所做的限定较少。其在获取最多利润的时候,通常会威胁到国际人权。跨国公司的人权责任成为国际社会关注的热点问题之一。目前,跨国公司人权保护的规则有国内法、跨国公司自律守则以及国际法规则。跨国公司承担人权责任是时代与社会的要求。制定国际公约是跨国公司人权责任实行的法律保障。跨国烟草公司作为跨国公司的一种,具有特殊的研究意义。国内外国际法学者对于跨国企业的人权责任已经取得了较为丰硕的研究成果,但是对于跨国烟草公司这一领域的人权责任研究还较为缺少。因此基于上述现实,有必要对跨国烟草公司的国际人权责任进行学术上的探讨,以求对其进行规制。本文意图讨论跨国烟草公司的国际人权责任。首先从国际人权法角度,对某家国际烟草巨头侵犯人权的案例进行分析;接着对跨国烟草公司已有人权法法律规制对进行了梳理;第三部分则分析了跨国烟草公司人权责任规制的先进经验;最后,笔者力图从国际法角度对跨国烟草公司的人权责任规制提供更加切实可行的方案。更多还原

【Abstract】 As economic globalization accelerates,transnational corporations have emerged as an undeniable power all over the world.In the economic field,the annual revenue of certain transnational corporations exceeds the GNP of certain sovereign states.Meanwhile,in the political arena,they are more interested in networking with the parties,government and other national bodies of host countries.On the one hand,economic and political advantage helps these corporations gain profits.On the other hand,it results in the increase of human rights violation cases.Traditionally,international human rights law mainly regulates sovereign states,which are the center of the framework.Nevertheless,the number of transnational corporations are growing with the free movement of international capitals.Meanwhile,the principle of free trade entitles many rights to transnational companies,yet little obligation is imposed.Inevitably,violating international human rights become a means to the end,that is,to maximum profits.Human rights obligations of transnational corporations have been a hot topic in the international society.Up till today,the regulations concerned include domestic law,self-regulation codes of conduct of transnationals and international law.The current society calls for transnationals to undertake human rights obligations,and formulating relevant international treaties guarantees it.Transnational tobacco corporations have their special features.While there is much research on the human rights obligations of transnationals in general,it seems necessary to discuss the obligations of transnational tobacco companies and regulate their conduct particularly.This thesis intends to discuss human rights obligations of transnational tobacco corporations.In the first chapter,the author conducts a case analysis of certain transnational tobacco corporation,pointing out its violations of human rights,and the international law related.In the second chapter,existing international and regional human rights regulations are discussed.In the next chapter,advanced experience on regulating transnational tobacco corporations’ human rights obligations are analyzed.In the final chapter,the author tries to put forward a more feasible regime of regulating human rights protection obligations of transnational tobacco corporations within the globe.更多还原