【作者】 张晓东；

【导师】 乔岳；

【作者基本信息】 山东大学 ， 产业经济学， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 自我国改革开放40年来,不论是经济体量还是人民生活水平都有了显著的提高。但高能耗、低附加值的粗放型发展方式使得经济高速发展的同时,生态环境也遭到了严重破坏。随着工业化进程的不断推进,环境问题对整个社会以及经济发展的制约作用越来越明显,日益枯竭的资源和不断恶化的生态环境使得环境规制越来越受到世界各国政府的重视。山东省作为我国东部经济大省,同样面临着环境污染问题。近年来,山东省越来越重视环境保护,出台了一系列环境规制相关的政策法规。但经济发展不能以牺牲环境为代价,环境规制也必须考虑经济发展,根据产业组织理论,产业结构的不合理是造成环境污染问题的主要原因之一,产业结构的优化升级既能够有效缓解环境污染问题,又能够促进经济发展,因此,面对改善生态环境与维持经济增长的双重压力,研究环境规制与产业结构升级之间的关系不仅具有重要的理论意义,也能为政府部门制定经济政策提供一定的借鉴。本文采取理论研究与实证研究相结合的方法,以山东省1989-2015年的时间序列数据与山东省2007-2016年17城市面板数据为样本,首先对山东省环境规制与产业结构现状进行分析,并将环境规制分为正式环境规制与非正式环境规制两个方面进行研究,实证检验环境规制对山东省产业结构的影响,并利用门槛模型对环境规制强度的选择进行分析。最后根据相关理论与实证结果提出政策建议。研究结果表明,环境规制能够有效的正向促进山东省产业结构的优化升级。其中,正式环境规制需要选择合理的规制强度,过低的规制强度难以激励企业进行技术及设备的升级,而过高的规制强度会超过整个社会及经济体系所能承受的范围,对产业结构造成冲击。非正式环境规制方面,居民收入水平、受教育程度以及人口密度的增加能够提高居民的环保意识及环境规制参与度,从而促进产业结构的优化升级。根据结论本文提出相应的政策建议,完善环境规制体系,完善污染物排放监测指标及体系,提高环保部门在经济政策制定过程中的地位。同时要重视非正式环境规制的作用,加强环保教育,保障公民参与环境规制权利,完善信息公开体系,通过正确的引导,提高民众的环境规制参与度。更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the reform and opening up,China’s economic and social development has made great progress.However,the former extensive mode of development with high energy consumption and low additional value also caused serious damage to the environment,the restriction of environmental problems on the society and economic development is becoming more and more obvious.Increasingly depleted resources and deteriorating ecological environment now are receiving more and more attention all over the world.As a large economic province,Shandong Province also is facing the same problem.In recent years,Shandong Province has paid more and more attention to environmental protection and issued a series of policies and regulations related to environmental regulation.However,economic development should not be at the expense of the environment,and environment regulation also should take economic development into consider,According to the theory of industrial organization,unreasonable industrial structure is one of the main causes of environmental pollution.The optimization and upgrading of industrial structure can not only effectively alleviate the problem of environmental pollution,but also promote economic development.Therefore,with the dual task of improving ecological environment and maintaining economic growth,study of the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial structure optimization and upgrading not only has theoretical significance,but also could provide some reference for economic policy.This paper adopts both theoretical research and empirical research.Taking the statistical data of Shandong Province 2007-2016 as the research sample,this paper analyzes the current situation of environmental regulation and industrial structure in Shandong Province.Then,empirical research on relationship between environmental regulation and the optimization of industrial structure from two aspects:formal environmental regulation and informal environmental regulation.At the end,policy recommendations based on relevant theories and empirical results.The results show that environmental regulation plays a positive role in the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure in Shandong Province.Formal Environmental Regulation needs to choose reasonable Regulation intensity.With low regulatory intensity it is difficult to motivate enterprises to upgrade their technology and equipment,excessive regulatory intensity would be beyond the reach of the entire social and economic system.As to informal environmental regulation,the increase of income level,education level and population density can improve the residents’awareness of environmental protection and participation in environmental regulation,thus promoting the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.Some recommendations are made according to the conclusion.Perfect the system of environmental regulation.Make different environmental regulation standards according to the characteristics of different industries and regions.Enhancing the position of environmental protection sector in the process of economic policy making.At the same time,attach more importance to the role of informal environmental regulation,strengthening environmental education,ensure citizens’ right to participate in environmental regulation.更多还原