【作者】 刘鑫；

【导师】 艾渤；

【作者基本信息】 北京交通大学 ， 通信与信息系统， 2018， 硕士

【摘要】 大规模多输入多输出(Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,Massive MIMO)技术作为5G(Fifth-Generation)移动通信系统的核心技术,通过在基站端设置大数量天线,可充分利用空间域资源实现同频同时传输多条信号。Massive MIMO技术可以提升容量和传输稳定性、实现较好的系统性能;同时降低波束间干扰,实现多用户空分复用;还可形成窄波束大大提高能量效率,减少基站功率损耗。毫米波(mmWave)技术作为5G的另一项关键技术,是扩展频谱资源、提高传输速率的必由之路。该技术能轻松提高频谱带宽、同时毫米波在大气中的强衰减性可以降低不同终端间的干扰,与Massive MIMO形成互补,在室内短距通信方面有光明的应用前景。而目前结合两种技术的信道仿真与建模研究远达不到人们对了解高频多天线室内场景移动通信过程的需求。因此,在为准确揭示信道的非平稳特性,总结相应场景电波传播的规律和性能这一研究背景和目的下,本文对毫米波段Massive MIMO室内场景下的信道仿真和建模进行深入研究,所做工作及创新点如下:1.全面总结了无线信道的建模方法和理论体系。基于实际环境需求和建筑物的几何、电磁特征对场景进行简化和建模,最终搭建出纽约大学单层室内办公室场景模型,帮助建立和完善了 Massive MIMO无线信道仿真平台。2.对平台进行单天线链路级的仿真和参数校正,参数包括反射系数和透射系数,并与实测数据进行误差分析来校验平台的可靠性和仿真参数的正确性,为下一步进行毫米波段Massive MIMO仿真与建模奠定良好的基础。3.构建了最大数目为128的线性阵列天线,设定了视距(Line of Sight,LOS)和非视距(Non-Line of Sight,NLOS)两种链路,进行大量毫米波段精确仿真并追踪多径信号的所有传播路径,对多径数目、路径损耗、时延扩展、相干带宽、角度扩展等参数进行萃取和分析。4.提出一种结合确定性与统计性优势的信道建模方法,揭示了 Massive MIMO无线信道的非平稳特性,统计拟合时延扩展和角度扩展,建立其数学模型,还对大尺度参数间相关性以及空间相关特性随阵元间距的变化情况进行量化分析。综上所述,本文围绕Massive MIMO和室内场景毫米波段的信道仿真和建模开展研究,弥补了相关研究的不足,为设计优化高频多天线室内通信系统提供重要模型规范和参考依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Massive MIMO(Massive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output),as the core technology of 5G mobile communication system,it works through setting up large number of antenna at the base station side for making full use of resources in the spatial domain to transmit dozens of signals on the same frequency band at the same time.Massive MIMO can increase the capacity of the system and improve the transmission stability;it can also greatly reduce the interference between users,and realize multi-user space reuse.Moreover,Massive MIMO can be formed to narrow beam to greatly increase energy efficiency and reduce the power loss of base stations.The millimeter wave technology,as another key technology of 5 G,is the important way to spread the spectrum resources and improve transmission rates.Millimeter wave can easily increase the spectrum bandwidth,at the same time,the strong attenuation in the atmosphere can decrease the interference between different terminals.It complements with the Massive MIMO technology and has a bright application prospect in indoor short-range communication.At present,the researches on channel simulation and modeling which combine with these two kind of techniques can’t meet the people’s demands for the radio wave propagation in the indoor scenes with high frequency and multi-antenna.Therefore,in order to accurately reveal the non-stationary characteristics of the channel,to verify the effectiveness of New York University’s corresponding scene measurement data,and to summarize the rules and performance of the corresponding scene wave propagation,the channel simulation and modeling of the millimeter-wave Massive MIMO in the indoor scene are performed.Based on these researching background and purposes,the main research contents and innovation points are as follows:1.Deeply study the modeling method and theoretical system of wireless channel.Based on the actual environmental requirements as well as the geometry the electromagnetic characteristics of the building,by simplifying and modeling the actual scenes,eventually the single-layer interior office scene model in the New York university is established as well as a Massive MIMO wireless channel simulation platform has been generated.2.Based on the measurement data,the simulations and parameter corrections about single antenna link are performed on the platform,including the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient.Through the error analysis,the reliability of the platform and the correctness of the simulation parameters are verified,and it build the basement for the further simulation and modeling of the millimeter wave Massive MIMO.3.Built the linear array antenna which the maximum number is 128 and constructed two kinds of links including LOS(Line of Sight)and NLOS(Non line-of-sight),accurately simulate and track all the path of the multi-path signals,extract and analysis the number of multi-path,path loss,delay spread,coherent bandwidth,angle extension and other parameters.4.Proposed a method combining the advantages of deterministic and statistical modeling,the non-stationary characteristics of the Massive MIMO wireless channel in LOS and NLOS links can be revealed,statistically fit the delay spread and angle spread as well as the corresponding mathematical model is established.Further,quantitative analysis are performed to study the cross-correlation of parameters and spatial correlation with the array element spacing,these provides a useful reference for the simulation and modeling of Massive MIMO.In conclusion,this paper focuses on the channel simulation and modeling of the Massive MIMO and millimeter wave band in the indoor scene,makes up for the deficiencies of related researches and provides significant references and examples for designing and optimizing the indoor communication system with high frequency and multi-antenna.更多还原