马克思恩格斯关于无产阶级政党政治纪律建设的基本思想研究

【作者】 王娟；

【导师】 任晓伟；

【作者基本信息】 陕西师范大学 ， 马克思主义中国化研究， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 无产阶级政党的政治纪律是规范党组织和党员政治言论和政治行动的行为准则,是保持党的先进性和纯洁性的重要法宝,是保证党的决议和政策执行的有力抓手,更是维护党的中央权威和团结统一的关键一招。马克思恩格斯创立了无产阶级政党,提出了党的政治纪律思想,帮助各国无产阶级政党战胜了各种派别主义的进攻,维护了党内的团结统一,促进了无产阶级实践运动的发展,加速了全人类的解放事业。而中国共产党是马克思主义性质的党,担负着继承和发展马克思恩格斯关于无产阶级政党政治纪律思想的重任。中国共产党若想更好地肩负起这一重任,必须充分的认识马克思恩格斯对政治纪律的涵义,研究这一思想的背景、具体内容、历史地位和时代价值,才能深刻把握无产阶级政党进行政治纪律建设的内在规律,从而为当前党加强政治纪律建设提供理论源泉。本文分为四个部分:第一部分从19世纪后期欧美主要国家资本主义的发展情况、工人阶级和工人运动的发展情况、马克思主义理论的创立和传播等三方面分析了无产阶级政党产生的条件和原因,各国结合自身不同的实际先后建立了无产阶级政党,在建立和发展的过程中,发现党内存在诸多不合理的政治言论、诸多不受约束的政治行为甚至走向了合理党内斗争的反面,给党组织造成了极大的破坏,从而产生了加强政治纪律建设的必要。第二部分分别就资产阶级政党和无产阶级政党的政治纪律做了详细分析,从政治纪律的内容、作用、方式等方面进行对比分析,从资产阶级政党政治纪律的经验和无产阶级政党的政治纪律的探索中得出其科学涵义。第三部分从各国无产阶级政党的纲领的维护、党的民主和团结的实现、党组织和党员政治言论和政治行为的规范等三方面重点阐述了马克思恩格斯在指导各国无产阶级政党建设过程中产生的政治纪律建设思想,文中大量采用了马克思恩格斯与各国无产阶级政党党内领导的通信原文,旨在还原马克思恩格斯的原始思想,深入挖掘马克思恩格斯关于无产阶级政党政治纪律思想的历史性和前瞻性。第四部分马克思恩格斯提出的无产阶级政党政治纪律思想构成了马克思主义政党理论的有机组成部分,促进了欧洲工人政党的健康发展,奠基了以后世界各国无产阶级政党进行政治纪律建设的理论基础。而中国共产党便是马克思恩格斯无产阶级政党政治纪律思想的继承者和发展者,尤其是十八大以来党中央把“严明政治纪律”纳入了“党要管党、从严治党”的重大举措中,立志要把党建设成为有组织、有纪律、纯洁度高、战斗力强的党。更多还原

【Abstract】 The proletarian Party’s political discipline is code of conduct about specification of Party organizations and Party members for their political speech and political action;is one of the important magic weapon for maintaining the Party’s advanced nature and purity that is to ensure that the Party’s resolution and powerful gripper of policy implementation;but also is the key of the solidarity and unity to maintain the Party’s central authority and.To help countries over various factions of the proletarian Party,maintain the Party’s solidarity and unity,promote the development of the practice of the proletariat movement,and accelerated the liberation of mankind,Marx and Engels founded the proletariat political Party,and proposed the idea about the Party’s political discipline.The communist Party of China is the nature of marxist Party,so it should inherit and develop the proletariat political discipline idea of Marx and Engels political Party..To better shoulder the important task,the communist Party of China must fully understand the connotation of political discipline,and study the background of Marx and Engels put forward the idea specific content historical position and time value.Profound grasp of the proletarian Party politics to the inherent law of discipline construction,so as to provide theoretical source for the current to strengthen the construction of political discipline.This thesis is divided into four parts:The first part analyzes the conditions and reasons that the proletariat political Party,by studying three aspects:knowing Europe and the United States mainly the development of national capitalism in the late 19th century;studying the development of working class and the workers’s movement;understanding the establishment and spread of marxism theory.Combined the actual conditions of their own different countries successively established the proletariat political Party,in the process of establishing and developing,some countries found that the Party which had many unreasonable political speeches and some independent political behaviors towards the opposite of the reasonable inner struggle,causing great destruction for the Party organization,so had to increase the construction of political discipline.The second part is to do a detailed analysis about the bourgeois political parties and the political Party’s political discipline from their contents,methods and other aspects of comparative analysis.It is very possible to learn the scientific meaning about the political discipline of the bourgeois political parties from experience of proletarian Party and political discipline exploration.The third part mainly writes Marx and Engels’s ideas of political discipline in the proletarian Party,focusing on three aspects:include to protect Party’s creed,maintain the Party’s democracy and the realization of the unity,regulate political speeches of Party organizations and Party members according to the proletarian Party platform in the process of Marx and Engels guiding the construction of the proletarian Party.In this paper,a large number of Marx and Engels’s texts and ideas from the communication of the original countries of the proletarian political Party Party leaders,are adopted,aimed at returning to their original thoughts of Marx and Engels,and dig hard their thoughts from historical and prospective standpoint.The fourth part is the meaning and the value time about the proletarian Party political discipline thoughts of Marx and Engels.It is made up of marxism Party theory,speeds up the healthy development of establishing the proletarian Party,and lays theoretical foundation of the political discipline construction.Indeed,the Chinese Communist Party is successor and developer about the proletariat political Party’s political discipline.Since the 18th CPC National Congress,the Party has brought"insisting on strict political discipline" into "running the Party strictly",making determination be a organized,disciplined,pure and powerful Party.更多还原