【作者】 杨杰；

【导师】 杨国庆；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工程大学 ， 社会学， 2015， 硕士

【摘要】 社会秩序一直以来都是社会学者所关注的主要问题,而在目前社会思想史范畴的研究当中,社会秩序思想还没有得到很好的体现,传统文化所蕴含的丰富思想还有待于进一步发掘。而美籍华裔历史学家余英时近年提出的“儒家整体规划”概念正好体现了传统儒家文化追求社会秩序的一种思想。本文也随着这一概念出发,探究余英时的儒家社会秩序思想,并且补充中国社会思想研究方面的不足。余英时的儒家社会秩序思想主要体现在他对“儒家整体规划”概念的论述上,本文也将通过论述中的几项主要概念来尽可能的发掘儒家的社会秩序思想。余英时认为在儒家文化的发展过程中一直存在着一个基本的规划,即是要通过不断的“内圣外王”来追求“天下有道”。根据余英时的上述观点,本文主要做了两方面研究。一方面,研究了余英时构成和体现儒家社会秩序思想的几个主要方面,即“天下有道”、“士志于道”和“内圣外王”,并详细考察了这三方面在儒家追求社会秩序中所体现的实践来源、具体承担者以及实现方式中的作用与地位。并就其中的相关问题进行了比较详细的评论。另一方面,本文主要研究了儒家社会秩序思想在宋明两代的主要表现形式,即宋代“得君行道”与明代“觉民行道”。同时也是在儒家传统发展过程中以一种具体的方式来实现社会秩序的过程。揭示出在历史进程中,儒家为了摆脱自身遇到的各种困境而不断变换方式来追求社会的秩序。而宋明理学所开创的这种实现社会秩序的实践方式也为后世提供了一种历史的借鉴。本文主要探究了余英时对儒家思想的阐释所揭示出的中国儒家大传统当中所蕴含的社会秩序思想,从社会思想史研究当中所关注的社会秩序的视角,表明了追求秩序是中国社会思想当中最重要的部分,其中最主要的就是中国人对“道”的追求,即对社会秩序的向往。同时揭示出儒家社会秩序思想对与现代社会秩序的建构意义以及体现了传统文化的实践性。此外对于转型过程中的当代社会出现的各种社会失序的情况,笔者通过本文的研究也获取了一些有益的启示。更多还原

【Abstract】 The social order has been a main issue concerned by the sociologists all the time.It is more necessary and urgent to require a benignant social order for the sake of normal functianing.However,it is to be regretted that the studies on social order in contemporary academic world is still in preliminary stage,which indicates that the essence rooted in traditional culture remains to be further explored.The concept of “overall Confucian planning” raised by Yu Yingshi,a famous Chinese American historian,exactly interprets the thought that Confucian culture is in pursuit of social order.This thesis based on “overall Confucian planning” aims to explore Yu Yinghshi’s thoughts of Confucian social order and to fill the gap in the field of Chinese studies on thoughts as well.Yu Yinghshi’s thoughts of Confucian social order are mainly represented in his statement of the concept of “overall Confucian planning”.This thesis attempts to explore the thoughts of Confucian social order as much as possible by applying the main concepts in his statement.Yu Yingshi considered that there is always a fundamental planning in the developing process of Confucian culture,that is by “cultivating people intellectually and spiritually like a sage”,“the social order is realized and constructed”.According to the above opinions,this thesis focuses on the following two aspects.On the one hand,the author studies three main respects of Yu Yingshi’s thoughts constituted and represented in Confucian social order.They are “the social order is realized and constructed”,“people should be ambitious to be a sage”,“cultivate people intellectually and spiritually like a sage”.And then the author inspects in details the origin of practice,the specific undertaker as well as the functions and positions presented in the realization of these three aspects when Confucian culture seeks social order.The relevant issues among the above statement are also discussed minutely.On the other hand,this research emphasized on the main performative paradigms of the thoughts of Confucian social order that emerged in both Song and Ming Dynasty,which respectively refers to the forms of “doers make it with leaders’ support” in Song Dynasty and“citizens make it with clear minds” in Ming Dynasty.Meanwhile,during the traditional development of Confucian thoughts,it is also considered as a process of realizing social order by a concrete means.It could be revealed that in the historical course,Confusian,in order tosurvive in the difficult situations they confronted,changes various modes ceaselessly to pursuing social order.The means of practice created by Neo-Confusianism in Song and Ming Dynasty is used to realize social order,which can be regarded as historical reference for the descendants.The thesis mainly studies the thoughts of Confucian social order represented in the tradi tional studies of Confucian by Yu Yingshi.From the perspective of social order which is great ly concerned in the history of social thoughts,this thesis indicates that the pursuit of order is th e most prominent part of Chinese social thoughts,within which it mainly refers to Chinese pu rsuit to Daoism,that is the worship of social order.更多还原