【作者】 李晓峰；

【导师】 刘轶；

【作者基本信息】 湖南大学 ， 金融学， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 农户融资难问题长期存在,困扰着农村经济的发展。农村正规金融虽然利率较低,但对抵押品的要求高,农户难以从正规金融获得贷款。较偏远地区的农户由于难以接触到金融机构物理网点,也难以得到贷款。传统非正规金融注重农户社会网络关系,成为农户贷款的重要渠道,但熟人借贷存在地域限制。近年来,P2P网络借贷在我国获得了迅猛的发展,部分农户不再局限于从传统的正规和非正规融资渠道获得资金,涉农P2P借贷为农户提供了新的融资方式。研究农户P2P网络借贷特征和贷款可得性的影响因素,既有力地补充了传统农户贷款的研究,又对于探索缓解农户贷款难问题的途径具有现实意义。本文基于金融排斥理论、信息不对称理论、信贷配给理论和农户贷款基本特征,提出农户贷款可得性影响因素的研究假设。然后利用翼龙贷P2P农户贷款数据,通过数据统计分析了 P2P农户贷款行为特征,建立Logit模型实证研究了农户贷款可得性的影响因素。最后,将本文研究的统计结果和模型回归结果与传统农户贷款研究进行了对比。本文的研究相对于传统研究有部分新的发现。统计分析表明,P2P农户贷款以生产性借款为主。农户文化程度低,男性借款者较多,社会保障不足,保险意识不够。模型分析表明:借款要素和农户个人特征会影响农户贷款可得性,投资人歧视也会造成可得性差异。借款利率较高,借款期限较长,借款用途为生产性用途时,贷款可得性更高。农户资产负债状况越好,社会资本越高(年龄较大,长期居住在农村),信用状况越好(拥有贷款记录,信用等级较高),保险状况越好(社会保险和商业保险),教育程度较低,越容易获得贷款。婚姻状况不影响农户贷款可得性。投资人对农户性别的非理性歧视和地域的理性歧视行为影响了农户贷款可得性,男性可得性高于女性,中西部地区可得性高于东部地区。P2P农户贷款能在一定程度上缓解农户贷款难问题,满足中等收入水平农户的融资需求,提高教育程度较低者和中西部地区农户的贷款可得性,支持农业生产发展。然而,低收入者即使提供较高利率也难以得到贷款,因此P2P网贷并不能成为助力脱贫的良好渠道。更多还原

【Abstract】 Farmers financing problems has been existed for a long time and has been plagued the development of rural economy for a long time.Although interest rate for formal finance in rural areas is relatively low,farmers are difficult to obtain loans from formal finance becouse of the high demand for collaterals.Farmers in remote areas are less likely to get loans because of the difficulty of reaching the physical network of financial institutions.Traditional informal finance focuses on the social network of farmers and becomes an important channel for farmers loans,but there are geographical restrictions based on acquaintances.In recent years,P2P lending has been developing rapidly in China.Some farmers are no longer limited to obtaining funds from traditional formal and informal financing channels.P2P borrowing provides new financing channel for farmers.The paper studies the peasant’s P2P lending characteristics and the factors that influence loan availability,which is a powerful way to supplement the study of traditional farmer’s loan and of practical significance to explore ways to alleviate the problem of farmers’ loans.This paper puts forward the hypothesis of factors that influence farmer loan availability,based on the theory of financial exclusion,information asymmetry theory,credit rationing theory and the basic characteristics of farmer loans.Then,the paper analyzes the characteristics of P2P peasant loan by data statistics,and establishes the Logit model to study the influencing factors of farmer loan availability.Finally,the results of this study and the regression results of the model are compared with those of traditional farmer loans.The research of this paper has some new discoveries relative to traditional research.Statistical analysis shows that P2P peasant loans are mainly productive loans.Pterosaurs on the Eloancn platform have low level of education,unenough insurance awareness and social security.Most of the borrowers are male.The model analysis shows that:Borrowing elements and individual characteristics of farmers will affect the availability of loans to farmers,and investor discrimination can also lead to differences in availability.Loan availability is higher when borrowing rates are higher,term is longer,and the loan is for productive use.Famers are easier to get loans when they have better assets and liabilities situation,better social capitals(older and living in rural areas for a long time),better credit situation(with the loan record,higher credit rating),better insurance situation(social insurance and commercial insurance),lower education degree.Marital status does not affect farmer loan availability.Investors’ irrational discrimination against the sex of farmers and geographical rationality have affected the availability of loans to farmers.The availability of male is higher than that of women,and the availability of loans in the central and western regions is higher than that in the eastern region.P2P farmer loans can alleviate the problem of farmers’ loans to a certain extent,meet the financing needs of middle-income farmers,raise the availability of loans to low educated farmers and the loans to farmers in the central and western regions,and support the development of agricultural production.However,low-income people are difficult to get loans even if they are willing to provide higher interest rates,so P2P lending can not be a good channel to help farmers out of poverty.更多还原