【作者】 张海宁；

【导师】 鲁安东；

【作者基本信息】 南京大学 ， 建筑学硕士（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 江苏省中北部的里下河地区是一片水文环境复杂的特殊地理区域。里下河地区聚落具有特征显著的地理环境与相似的社会生态;又在近现代经历了水陆交通模式转型的巨变,具有较为同步的历史进程;且因相对较低的开发强度,使其保留了较完整的聚落空间形态的历史特征,是研究湿地区域聚落空间特征与变迁的难得样本。聚落公共活动对社会生态具有一定的概括性,而公共空间是公共活动的载体。本文以公共空间布局为切入点,在变迁的视野下研究里下河地区聚落的空间特征与变迁历程。本文在对里下河地区腹地进行田野调查与历史地理研究后,选取7个集镇聚落作为研究的样本聚落。对样本聚落进行深入的田野调查后,获得关于其公共空间布局的历时性信息。在此基础上,将聚落公共空间分为交通空间、宗教文化空间、商业空间、机构空间4类,进而按此分类通过图示的方法,分别对各类公共空间不同历史时期的布局进行分析。在对各类公共空间布局的分析中,本文通过样本间的对照分析归纳其各历史时期的特征,并解释其特征的成因。同时将各历史时期的特征进行比较,梳理各类公共空间布局的变迁历程,并探究其变迁机制。最后,本文将各类公共空间并置于整体视角之下,总结里下河地区集镇聚落公共空间整体布局的特征,比较其在各样本间的差异,并梳理其变迁历程,同时结合地理环境与社会生态的变迁,探讨布局特征背后的影响因素以及布局变迁背后的驱动机制。综合这些分析,首先本文认为里下河地区聚落公共空间布局表现出共同的特征,由有机、复杂、传统乡村特征向简单化、同质化、城市描摹化演变,其背后的影响因素与驱动机制亦在发生变化,这对我们以整体、动态的眼光理解里下河地区聚落有重要意义。第二,本文有针对性地克服聚落历时性研究的困难,在研究角度的选取,研究资料的获得,以及研究方法上对聚落的历时性研究进行了一定的探索。第三,本文认为在当代的新农村建设与乡村复兴中,应从乡村本体的多元社会生态出发,以当地居民的视角作为考量,重视乡村公共空间的规划设计,以激活乡村社会的活力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Located in the north central of Jiangsu province,Li-Xia-He Region is a specific geographical area with complex hydrological environment.The settlements in Li-Xia-He Region have significant characteristics of geographical environment and similar social ecology;Due to the huge traffic pattern transition of land and water in modern times,it has a synchronization process of history;And because of the relatively low development intensity,the relatively complete historical characteristics of settlement spatial form had been remained,which is the rare samples on studying the characteristics and transition of wetland area.Public activities of settlement have a certain generality on social ecology,and public space is a carrier of public activities.Takes the layout as the breakthrough point,this article studies the settlement space characteristic and change process of Li-Xia-He Region based on the transitional view.After the field investigation and historical geography research on hinterland of Li-Xia-He Region,7 towns’ settlements were selected as the research sample groups.After the in-depth field research on the sample settlement,this article got the diachronic information about the public space layout.On this basis,the settlements public space can be divided into traffic space,religious culture space,commercial space and the institutional space.And then according to the graphic method,this article analyzed the layouts of all kinds of public space in different historical period respectively.In all kinds of public space layout analysis,through the contrast between the samples,this article summarized the characteristics of each historical period and explained the reason of the features.As the same time,compared the characteristics of each historical period,this article collated the transition process of all kinds of public space layout,and explored the mechanism of change.Finally,under the overall perspective,this article summarized the characteristics of the whole composition of Li-Xia-He Region town settlement public space and compared the differences among the samples,and combed the transformation process.Meanwhile,combined with the changes of the geographical environment and social ecology,this article explored the influence factors behind the layout feature and the driving mechanism behind the layout change.Based on all the analysis,firstly,this article argued that the settlements public space layout of Li-Xia-He Region has the common features.The reason is transformed from the organic,complexity,traditional country to the simplicity,homogeneity and city depiction.The influence factor and driving mechanism are also changed,which has an important significance on understanding the settlement of Li-Xia-He Region in a whole and dynamic view.Secondly,this article overcame the difficulties of diachronic study on settlement in target and explored the historic research on settlement in the selection of research perspective,research data acquisition and research method.Thirdly,this article argued that in the new rural construction and rural renaissance,people should start from the pluralistic society ecology of country and consider the perspective of local residents,and attach great importance to the planning and designing of rural public space to activate the vitality of rural society.更多还原