【作者】 田野；

【导师】 于萍； 白铁见；

【作者基本信息】 吉林大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 在钻井行业中,钻井设备的研发一直是一个重要的课题。早期人们采用人力挖掘的方法,自20世纪初,发明了旋转钻井法,即常规钻机加上转盘带动方钻杆进行钻进;但由于转盘钻进处理井下事故能力差,只能单根进行钻进,效率低,人们研制了顶部驱动钻井装置(简称“顶驱”)。顶部驱动钻井装置采用立根钻进,可大幅度缩短钻杆接卸的辅助作业时间,可以在任意高度上驱动钻柱,能有效防止卡钻、蹩钻等井下事故的发生,提高了钻井的安全性及自动化程度。故顶部驱动钻井装置自问世以来,逐渐成为国际性油气公司要求招标企业必须配备的钻井装置,成为能否参与国际竞争的入场券。顶驱装置按照驱动方式可分为电驱动和液压驱动两种类型。由于变频技术比较成熟,故电顶驱应用较广泛。但随着液压技术及控制技术的发展,将液压技术应用于顶驱系已成为顶驱发展的一个趋势。目前国内外较成熟的、钻深最深的液压顶驱为DY40,应用于4000米钻机中。本文依据国土资源部项目“深部大陆科学钻探装备研制”,研究适应于万米深部大陆科学钻探的全液压顶驱液压系统。本文主要进行了以下研究:首先,根据顶驱工作要求,分析顶驱动作顺序及控制要求,初步拟定设计方案;根据顶驱用斜盘式轴向柱塞泵的内部结构及部件工作原理,推导了顶驱用斜盘式轴向柱塞泵单个柱塞运动模型,设计了顶驱用斜盘式轴向柱塞泵基于AMESim的部件仿真模型。其次,通过仿真,确定液压系统泵的流量、泵压、主轴转速等参数,为实验提供理论依据。最后,通过现场试验验证顶驱液压系统设计合理性。更多还原

【Abstract】 In the drilling industry,drilling equipment research and development has been an important issue.In the early years,people used the method of human excavation,since the beginning of the 20 th century,invented the rotary drilling method,that is,conventional drilling rig with turntable driven drill pipe for drilling;but because the turntable drilling and handling of underground accidents is poor,only a single drill In addition,the efficiency is low,people have developed a top drive drilling device(referred to as "top drive").The top drive drilling device adopts the vertical root drilling,which can greatly shorten the auxiliary operation time of the drill pipe unloading and unloading.The drill string can be driven at any height,which can effectively prevent the occurrence of underground accidents such as pipe-sticking,bit bouncing.Drilling safety and drilling automation process has achieved a great phased.So the top drive drilling device since its inception,has gradually become an international oil and gas companies require the tender business must be equipped with drilling equipment,become able to participate in international competition tickets.Top drive device can be divided into two types of electric drive and hydraulic drive in accordance with the drive method.As the frequency conversion technology is more mature,so the electric top drive more widely used.But with the development of hydraulic technology and control technology,the application of hydraulic technology to the top drive system has become a trend of top drive development.At domestic and abroad more mature hydraulic top drive for the DY40,which used in 4000 meters drilling rig.In this paper,based on the Ministry of Land and Resources project "deep continental scientific drilling equipment development" to study adapted to the deep continental scientific drilling hydraulicsystem of hydraulic top drive.This paper mainly conducted the following research:First of all,according to the work requirements of the top drive,top drive action sequence and control requirements,the preliminary design scheme of development;according to the top drive work with internal structure and components of the swash plate axial piston pump principle,deduces the top drive swashplate axial piston pump in single piston motion model,the design of the top drive with the swash plate axial piston based on the simulation model of AMESim pump parts.Secondly,through simulation,determine the pump flow,pump pressure,spindle speed and other parameters,to provide a theoretical basis for the experiment.Finally,the design of the top drive hydraulic system is verified by field test.更多还原