【作者】 周伟；

【导师】 谢立扬；

【作者基本信息】 长安大学 ， 机械工程（专业学位）， 2017， 硕士

【摘要】 为解决日益突出的环境问题,国家和各地政府陆续出台了一系列的法律、法规,对污染物排放总量进行了严格的限制。而沥青搅拌设备作为公路建设事业的重要组成部分,其工作过程中对周边环境造成了较大的污染,主要表现为粉尘污染、烟气污染、噪声污染等。本文结合当今严峻环境形势和沥青搅拌设备工作特点,针对沥青搅拌设备高污染物排放的问题,从环保的角度出发,提出在沥青搅拌设备上应用油改气技术,力求能有效控制沥青搅拌设备的污染物排放,为其环境治理提供有利依据。本文先从理论角度,分析了天然气和重油的燃烧特点,并对燃油和燃气工况下的燃烧系统工艺流程进行了对比分析,着重对沥青搅拌设备油改气的燃烧排放进行理论计算。然后,基于沥青搅拌设备的工作条件,对重油和天然气两种工况下的燃烧进行仿真,探究沥青搅拌设备油改气后的排放情况。最后依托十天高速三标段的玛连尼4000型沥青搅拌设备,在理论和仿真的基础上进行现场试验,完成了燃料消耗率、燃烧充分性和稳定性、温度稳定性和有害气体排放试验。通过以上研究表明,油改气后对沥青搅拌设备性能的影响显著,主要表现为:燃料消耗率降低,也就是说加热1吨热骨料燃气成本比燃油降低了7.6%;燃气工况下的热骨料和成品料的温度稳定性都高于燃油工况;天然气的燃烧稳定性和燃烧充分性均优于重油的。沥青搅拌设备油改气对环境影响显著,主要表现为:燃油工况的噪声高于燃气,但差距很小;使用天然气作为燃料时,与重油相比,有害气体排放得到有效改善。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to solve the increasingly prominent environmental problems,the state and local governments have introduced a series of laws and regulations,the total amount of pollutant emissions were strictly limited.Asphalt mixing equipment as an important part of highway construction,in the process of their work has caused great pollution to the surrounding environment,main show is dust pollution,flue gas pollution,noise pollution,etc.In this paper,combining with the current severe environment situation and working characteristics of the asphalt mixing equipment,in view of the asphalt mixing equipment high pollutant emission problems,from the perspective of environmental protection,putting forward the application technology of oil to gas on asphalt mixing equipment,striving to effectively control the asphalt mixing equipment pollutant emissions,providing good basis for its environmental governance.First from the perspective of theory,this paper analyzed the combustion characteristics of the natural gas and fuel oil,combustion system process under fuel and gas conditions were compared and analyzed,the theoretical calculation was made on the combustion emissions of asphalt mixing equipment oil to gas.Then,based on asphalt mixing equipment working conditions,simulating two kinds of working conditions of heavy oil and natural gas combustion,exploring emissions of asphalt mixing equipment oil to gas.Finally,relying on the ten-day high-speed three-section of the MARINI 4000 asphalt mixing equipment.on the basis of the theory and simulation for field test,completed the fuel consumption rate,combustion sufficiency and stability,temperature stability and harmful gas emissions test.Through the above studies show that after the oil to gas has significant effects on the properties of asphalt mixing equipment,main show:the fuel consumption rate is reduced,that is to say,heating 1 ton hot aggregate,the cost of natural gas is 7.6% lower than that of heavy oil;The gas conditions temperature stability of the hot aggregate and finished product were higher than the fuel condition;The natural gas combustion stability and combustion adequacy were better than the heavy oil.Asphalt mixing equipment of oil to gas hassignificant effects on the environment,mainly as follows:the heavy oil conditions of the noise was higher than the natural gas,but the gap is very small;Using natural gas as the fuel,compared with the heavy oil,harmful gas emissions have been effectively improved.更多还原