【作者】 李响；

【导师】 林姚宇；

【作者基本信息】 哈尔滨工业大学 ， 风景园林（专业学位）， 2016， 硕士

【摘要】 随着我国新农村建设和生态文明建设的提出,农村地区的生态建设得以迅猛发展,生态村建设作为新农村建设和生态文明建设的重要组成部分在我国广大农村地区如火如荼地展开。许多地区的生态村建设实践已经取得了很大成绩,但从整体上看,我国生态村建设水平还有很大的提升空间,人们对生态村的认识也较为模糊,建设实践过程中存在着一定的盲目性。同时被评为生态村的农村数量众多,其建设水平也良莠不齐。目前我国生态村的分类较为混乱,没有统一标准,且缺乏对生态村建设实践类型特征的深度挖掘。如何对生态村建设实践进行有效的分类成为重要的问题。此外,生态村建设实践已有三十余年,学术界对我国整个生态村建设实践发展历程的系统性回顾和总结还不够深入。针对上述问题,本文通过梳理不同时期生态村的概念,界定出旨在未来发展的生态村概念及内涵。在明确生态村建设实践基本构成的基础上,提出了生态经济、生态人居、生态环境及生态文化的生态村建设实践主导要素。基于对生态村相关研究的大量文献阅读并结合典型生态村的实地调研,本文对生态村建设实践现状的基本特征及主要存在问题进行了系统阐述。进而本文从产生机制、地理分布、建设实践主导要素三个不同角度对生态村建设实践进行了系统的分类。其中,地理分布分类的研究是从生态村地理特征和生态村与城市的关系两个层面具体展开,而在按建设实践主导要素进行划分的分类研究中,详细阐述了每种主导要素的具体建设措施和实现路径。这种系统性的分类研究更有利于对我国生态村建设实践做出清晰可行的指导建议。此外,本文尝试对我国生态村建设实践整体历程进行阶段划分,按照我国生态村建设实践的标志性节点将我国生态村建设实践划分为三个阶段:1980年至1993年为起步阶段,生态农业建设作为农业建设战略转移方向在村级试点展开;1994年至2004年为扩展阶段,生态村建设开始在国家层面开展;2005年至今为全面实施阶段,颁布的国家级生态村标准掀起生态村建设热潮。通过串联这些历史阶段,对生态村整个建设实践历程进行特征总结,从而厘清我国生态村的建设实践的发展脉络,对我国现在与未来的生态村建设具有重要的理论意义和实践意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 With the development of China’s new rural construction and ecological civilization construction,the practice of ecological construction work in China’s rural areas is gradually strengthened.As the effective carrier of new rural construction and the important part of ecological civilization construction,the eco-village construction started widely in China’s rural areas.The practice of eco-village construction in many areas has made great achievements,but on the whole,the construction level of Chinese eco-village is still in a low stage.The understanding of eco-village is relatively vague.There is a certain blindness in the process of construction.Currently,there is a large number of eco-villages in our country and its construction level is uneven.At present,the classification of Chinese eco-village is in disorder.There is no uniform classification standard.And it is lack of deep research on the features of different types of eco-village construction practice.It has been a very important problem that how to classify the eco-village construction in a better way.In addition,the practice of eco-village construction has been more than thirty years,it is lack of systematic review and summary of the entire Chinese eco-village construction process.Against the above problems,the paper analyzes the concept and connotation of eco-village in different periods,and defines the concept of eco-village.On the basis of the framework of eco-village construction practice system,the paper puts forward four eco-village dominant elements of its construction practice: ecological economy,ecological habitat,ecological environment and ecological culture.Based on the field investigation on the typical eco-village,the paper briefly introduces the basic characteristics of eco-village construction practice and the main existing problems.The paper classify the eco-village construction practice from three views: generation mechanism,geographical distribution and dominant elements of eco-village construction practice.Geographical distribution is divided into two aspects: the geographical features and the relationship with the city.In the classification research of the leading elements,the construction measures or implementation path of each leading element are presented in detail.The systematic classification research is conductive to making clear and feasible suggestions of eco-village construction practice.The paper attempts to make division on the historic progress of eco-village construction practice.According to the sign of the practice of eco-village construction in China,the whole progress is divided into three parts: From 1980 to 1993,the initial stage,the practice of eco-village construction mainly focus on ecological agriculture.From 1994 to 2004 is the expansion stage of eco-village construction.The construction of eco-village is up to the national level.Since 2005,the eco-village construction entered the stage of the full implementation.The national standards promulgated the eco-village construction boom.The paper analyzed the characteristics of each stage of the eco-village and then summarize the whole construction process,so as to clarify the development of Chinese eco-village and grasp the development direction of Chinese eco-village.It has important theoretical and practical significance to eco-village construction practice in china.更多还原